java中的hashCode计算方法总结

java中的hashCode计算方法总结

Object.hashCode()

该方法为native修饰，没有java实现

根据对象的地址转换为整数来实现

类重写hashCode()方法

String 重写hashCode()

string就是字符数组char[]

string的属性 value 就是字符数组

private final char value[];

计算方法：

s[0]*31^(n-1) + s[1]*31^(n-2) + … + s[n-1]

n为字符串长度，s[i]是第i个字符

hash是string的属性，初始化hash = 0

/**
     * Returns a hash code for this string. The hash code for a
     * {@code String} object is computed as
     * <blockquote><pre>
     * s[0]*31^(n-1) + s[1]*31^(n-2) + ... + s[n-1]
     * </pre></blockquote>
     * using {@code int} arithmetic, where {@code s[i]} is the
     * <i>i</i>th character of the string, {@code n} is the length of
     * the string, and {@code ^} indicates exponentiation.
     * (The hash value of the empty string is zero.)
     *
     * @return  a hash code value for this object.
     */
    public int hashCode() {
        int h = hash;
        if (h == 0 && value.length > 0) {
            char val[] = value;

            for (int i = 0; i < value.length; i++) {
                h = 31 * h + val[i];
            }
            hash = h;
        }
        return h;
    }

        System.out.println("a".hashCode()); // 97
        System.out.println("ab".hashCode()); //3105
        System.out.println(31*97+98);       //3105

自定义类重写hashCode()

Student 类，类的hashCode为 31 * (name的hashCode) + (age的hashCode)

public class Student {
    public String name;
    public int age;

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Student student = (Student) o;

        if (age != student.age) return false;
        return name != null ? name.equals(student.name) : student.name == null;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int result = name != null ? name.hashCode() : 0; //先获得name的hashCode，若name是null，则为0，否则调用String,hashCode()
        result = 31 * result + age;   //age是int类型，hashCode就是自身
        return result;
    }

还有一种写法， 调用Objects.hash()

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(name, age);
    }

继续跟进,，调用 Arrays.hashCode()

    //Objects 类 Objects.hash方法
	public static int hash(Object... values) {
        return Arrays.hashCode(values);
    }

跟进，和上述计算hashCode方法一样，将参数数组遍历，若参数为null，则为0， 否则取值hashCode，和字符串计算hasCode相似

   //Arrays类， Arrays.hashCode方法
	public static int hashCode(Object a[]) {
        if (a == null)
            return 0;

        int result = 1;

        for (Object element : a)
            result = 31 * result + (element == null ? 0 : element.hashCode());

        return result;
    }