JavaSE笔试题总结

上楼梯每次只能迈一阶或者两阶，有几种方法？
斐波那契数列：

public int fbnq(int n) {
	if (n == 1) {
		return 1;
	} else if (n == 2) {
		return 1;
	} else {
		return fbnq(n - 1) + fbnq(n - 2);
	}
}

两种单例模式？
懒汉式：

public class Singleton1 {
	private Singleton1() {
	}
	private static Singleton1 s = null;
	public static Singleton1 getInstance() {
		if (s == null) {
			s = new Singleton1();
		}
		return s;
	}
}

俄汉式：

public class Singleton2 {
	private Singleton2() {
	}
	private static Singleton2 s = new Singleton2();
	public static Singleton2 getInstance() {
		return s;
	}
}

字符排序？
冒泡排序：

for (int i = 0; i < chs.length - 1; i++) {
	for (int j = 0; j < chs.length - 1 - i; j++) {
		if (chs[j] > chs[j + 1]) {
			char temp = chs[j];
			chs[j] = chs[j + 1];
			chs[j + 1] = temp;
		}
	}
}

选择排序：

for (int i = 0; i < chs.length - 1; i++) {
	for (int j = i + 1; j < chs.length; j++) {
		if (chs[j] < chs[i]) {
			char temp = chs[j];
			chs[j] = chs[i];
			chs[i] = temp;
		}
	}
}

Arrays工具类排序：

Arrays.sort(chs);

获取一个字符串在另一个字符串中出现的次数？

public int getCount(String mainStr, String subStr) {
	if (mainStr.length() >= subStr.length()) {
		int count = 0; // 记录次数
		int index = 0;
		// while((index = mainStr.indexOf(subStr)) != -1){
		// 		count++;
		// 		mainStr = mainStr.substring(index + subStr.length());
		// }
		// 改进：
		while ((index = mainStr.indexOf(subStr, index)) != -1) {
			index += subStr.length();
			count++;
		}
		return count;
	} else {
		return 0;
	}
}
@Test
public void testGetCount() {
	String str1 = "cdabkkcadkabkebfkabkskab";
	String str2 = "ab";
	int count = getCount(str1, str2);
	System.out.println(count);
}

获取最大相同子串？

public String getMaxSameString(String str1, String str2) {
	if (str1 != null && str2 != null) {
		String maxStr = (str1.length() >= str2.length()) ? str1 : str2;
		String minStr = (str1.length() < str2.length()) ? str1 : str2;
		int len = minStr.length(); // 决定了比较的轮数
		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { // 0 1 2 3 4 此层循环决定要去几个字符
			for (int x = 0, y = len - i; y <= len; x++, y++) {
				if (maxStr.contains(minStr.substring(x, y))) {
					return minStr.substring(x, y);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return null;
}
@Test
public void testGetMaxSameSubString() {
	String str1 = "abcwerthelloyuiodef";
	String str2 = "cvhellobnmiodef";
	String str = getMaxSameString(str1, str2);
	System.out.println(str);
}

// 如果存在多个长度相同的最大相同子串：使用ArrayList

public List<String> getMaxSameSubString1(String str1, String str2) {
	if (str1 != null && str2 != null) {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		String maxString = (str1.length() > str2.length()) ? str1 : str2;
		String minString = (str1.length() > str2.length()) ? str2 : str1;
		int len = minString.length();
		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			for (int x = 0, y = len - i; y <= len; x++, y++) {
				String subString = minString.substring(x, y);
				if (maxString.contains(subString)) {
					list.add(subString);
				}
			}
			if (list.size() != 0) {
				break;
			}
		}
		return list;
	}
	return null;
}

随机生成30个数，范围2-100，获取其中的质数？

ArrayList<Integer> arrayList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
ArrayList<Integer> arrayList2 = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
	int randomNum = (int) (Math.random() * (100 - 2 + 1) + 2);
	arrayList.add(randomNum);
	boolean flag = true;
	for (int j = 2; j < Math.sqrt(randomNum); j++) { // 范围：开方
		if (randomNum % j == 0) {
			flag = false;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (flag) {
		arrayList2.add(randomNum);
	}
}
System.out.println("随机数为：\n" + arrayList.toString());
System.out.println("质数为：\n" + arrayList2.toString());

解决线程安全问题(传入公共对像作为同步监视器)？

public class WindowTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Window w = new Window();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(w);
		Thread t2 = new Thread(w);
		Thread t3 = new Thread(w);
		t1.setName("窗口1");
		t2.setName("窗口2");
		t3.setName("窗口3");
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
		t3.start();
	}
}
class Window implements Runnable {
	private int ticket = 100;
	@Override
	public void run() {
		for(int i = 1;i <= 100;i++){
			show();
		}
	}
	public synchronized void show() { // 此时的同步监视器是this
		if (ticket > 0) {
			try {
				Thread.sleep(30);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售票，票号为:" + ticket);
			ticket--;
		}
	}
}

List去重4种方式？
1).双for相同remove：

for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
	for (int j = i + 1; j < list.size(); j++) {
		if (list.get(i) == list.get(j)) {
			list.remove(j);
			j--; // 因为删除，所以角标前移
		}
	}
}

2).list contains判断：

for (int i = 0; i < list1.size(); i++) {
	if (!list2.contains(list1.get(i))) {
		list2.add(list1.get(i));
	}
}

3).List转Set：

HashSet<String> set = new HashSet<>(list);
list.clear();
list.addAll(set);

4).Set add返回值判断：

for (int i = 0; i < list1.size(); i++) {
	if (set.add(list1.get(i))) {
		list2.add(list1.get(i));
	}
}

Map的4种遍历方法？
1).keySet遍历key：

for (Object in : map.keySet()) {
	System.out.println(map.get(in));
}

2).迭代器遍历entry：

Iterator<Map.Entry<Integer, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
	Map.Entry<Integer, String> entry = it.next();
	System.out.println(entry.getKey());
	System.out.println(entry.getValue());
}

3).entrySet遍历entry

for (Map.Entry<Integer, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
	System.out.println(entry.getKey());
	System.out.println(entry.getValue());
}

4).values遍历value

for (String v : map.values()) {
	System.out.println(v);
}

File文件复制？

public void streamCopy() {
	FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
	FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
	try {
		fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("D:\\a.jpg");
		fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("D:\\b.jpg");
		int len;
		byte[] temp = new byte[1024];
		while ((len = fileInputStream.read(temp)) != -1) {
			fileOutputStream.write(temp, 0, len);
		}
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} finally {
		if (fileOutputStream != null) {
			try {
				fileOutputStream.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		if (fileInputStream != null) {
			try {
				fileInputStream.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}
public void bufferedCopy() {
	BufferedInputStream bis = null;
	BufferedOutputStream bos = null;
	try {
		bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream("day26.iml"));
		bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("day26_copy.iml"));
		byte[] temp = new byte[1024];
		int len;
		while ((len = bis.read(temp)) != -1) {
			bos.write(temp, 0, len);
		}
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} finally {
		if (bos != null) {
			try {
				bos.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		if (bis == null) {
			try {
				bis.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

将gbk格式的文件转换为utf-8格式存储？

public void transform() {
	InputStreamReader isr = null;
	OutputStreamWriter osw = null;
	try {
		isr = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("gbkBook.txt"), "gbk");
		osw = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("utf8Book.txt"));
		char[] temp = new char[1024];
		int len;
		while ((len = isr.read(temp)) != -1) {
			osw.write(temp, 0, len);
		}
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} finally {
		try {
			if (osw != null) {
				osw.close();
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		try {
			if (isr != null) {
				isr.close();
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

TCP编程：服务器-客户端发送文件/聊天？
// 从客户端发送文件给服务端，服务端保存到本地，并返回“发送成功”给客户端。

@Test
public void client() throws IOException {
	Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 8989); // 创建ServerSocket
	FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("baby.jpg");
	OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
	byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
	int len;
	while((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1){
		os.write(buffer,0,len);
	}
	System.out.println("client-------1");
	socket.shutdownOutput(); // 显式的关闭输出流
	//接收来自于服务器端的数据,并显示
	InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
	ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
	byte[] newBuf = new byte[10];
	int newLen;
	while((newLen = is.read(newBuf)) != -1){
		baos.write(newBuf,0,newLen);
	}
	System.out.println(baos.toString());
	// 关闭流(省略try-catch-finally)
	is.close();
	baos.close();
	os.close();
	fis.close();
	socket.close();
}
@Test
public void server() throws IOException {
	ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8989);
	Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
	InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
	FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("src/babyabc.jpg");
	byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
	int len;
	while((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1){
		fos.write(buffer,0,len);
	}
	System.out.println("server-------1");
	OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
	os.write("收到你的靓照，非常的漂亮！".getBytes()); // 服务器给客户端反馈数据
	// 关闭流
	os.close();
	fos.close();
	is.close();
	socket.close();
	//serverSocket.close();  // 关闭服务器
}

URL编程：下载文件？

HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
InputStream is = null;
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
	URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/examples/playgirl.jpg");
	urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
	is = urlConnection.getInputStream();
	fos = new FileOutputStream("playgirl.jpg");
	byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
	int len;
	while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
		fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
	}
	System.out.println("下载成功");
} catch (IOException e) {
	e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
	try {
		if (is != null)
			is.close();
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	try {
		if (fos != null)
			fos.close();
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	if (urlConnection != null)
		urlConnection.disconnect();
}

获取Class的四种方式？
①Class clazz = Person.class; // 调用类的静态属性：class，不会执行静态代码块
②Person p = new Person();Class clazz2 = p.getClass(); // 调用对象的方法：getClass()，new会执行静态代码块
③Class class3 = Class.forName(“com.atguigu.test.Person”); // 调用Class的静态方法：forName(String className)，会执行静态代码块
④ClassLoader cl = Reflection.class.getClassLoader();Class class4 = cl.loadClass(“com.atguigu.test.Person”); // 使用类的加载器，不会执行静态代码块
1 3 4相似，一般选3

读取配置文件的两种方式？
方式一：

FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("jdbc.properties");
Properties pros = new Properties();
pros.load(fis1);
String name = pros.getProperty("name");

方式二：

InputStream is = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc1.properties");
Properties pros = new Properties();
pros.load(is);
String name = pros.getProperty("name");