Django models常用数据类型的设计

2.3 数据类型附录表

1. 整数类型

类型	字节大小	有符号范围(Signed)	无符号范围(Unsigned)
TINYINT	1	-128 ~ 127	0 ~ 255
SMALLINT	2	-32768 ~ 32767	0 ~ 65535
MEDIUMINT	3	-8388608 ~ 8388607	0 ~ 16777215
INT/INTEGER	4	-2147483648 ~2147483647	0 ~ 4294967295
BIGINT	8	-9223372036854775808 ~ 9223372036854775807	0 ~ 18446744073709551615

2. 字符串

类型	字节大小	示例
CHAR	0-255	类型:char(3) 输入 'ab', 实际存储为'ab ', 输入'abcd' 实际存储为 'abc'
VARCHAR	0-255	类型:varchar(3) 输 'ab',实际存储为'ab', 输入'abcd',实际存储为'abc'
TEXT	0-65535	大文本

3. 日期时间类型

类型	字节大小	示例
DATE	4	'2020-01-01'
TIME	3	'12:29:59'
DATETIME	8	'2020-01-01 12:29:59'
YEAR	1	'2017'
TIMESTAMP	4	'1970-01-01 00:00:01' UTC ~ '2038-01-01 00:00:01' UTC

示例：

class OrderInfo(BaseModel):
    """
    订单基本信息模型类
    """
    PAY_METHODS_ENUM = {
        "CASH": 1,
        "ALIPAY": 2
    }

    PAY_METHOD_CHOICES = (
        (1, "货到付款"),
        (2, "支付宝"),
    )

    ORDER_STATUS_ENUM = {
        "UNPAID": 1,
        "UNSEND": 2,
        "UNRECEIVED": 3,
        "UNCOMMENT": 4,
        "FINISHED": 5
    }

    ORDER_STATUS_CHOICES = (
        (1, "待支付"),
        (2, "待发货"),
        (3, "待收货"),
        (4, "待评价"),
        (5, "已完成"),
        (6, "已取消"),
    )

    order_id = models.CharField(max_length=64, primary_key=True, verbose_name="订单号")
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name="下单用户")
    address = models.ForeignKey(Address, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name="收获地址")
    total_count = models.IntegerField(default=1, verbose_name="商品总数")
    total_amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="商品总金额")
    freight = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="运费")
    pay_method = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=PAY_METHOD_CHOICES, default=1, verbose_name="支付方式")
    status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=ORDER_STATUS_CHOICES, default=1, verbose_name="订单状态")

    class Meta:
        db_table = "tb_order_info"
        verbose_name = '订单基本信息'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class OrderGoods(BaseModel):
    """
    订单商品模型类
    """
    SCORE_CHOICES = (
        (0, '0分'),
        (1, '20分'),
        (2, '40分'),
        (3, '60分'),
        (4, '80分'),
        (5, '100分'),
    )
    order = models.ForeignKey(OrderInfo, related_name='skus', on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name="订单")
    sku = models.ForeignKey(SKU, on_delete=models.PROTECT, verbose_name="订单商品")
    count = models.IntegerField(default=1, verbose_name="数量")
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="单价")
    comment = models.TextField(default="", verbose_name="评价信息")
    score = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=SCORE_CHOICES, default=5, verbose_name='满意度评分')


    is_commented = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否评价了')

    class Meta:
        db_table = "tb_order_goods"
        verbose_name = '订单商品'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name