06 Python 集合(set)

• 集合是无序的
• 表现形式为{1,2,3,4,5}

list_1 = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
list_1 = set(list_1)
print(list_1,type(list_1))
=>{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} <class 'set'>

• intersection(交集)

list_1 = set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
list_2 = set([3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
print(list_1.intersection(list_2))
=>{3, 4, 5}
print(list_1 & list_2)# 同样代表交集

• isdisjoint(如果两个集合具有空交集，则返回True)

list_1 = set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
list_2 = set([3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
print(list_1.isdisjoint(list_2))
=>False

• union(并集)

list_1 = set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
list_2 = set([3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
print(list_1.union(list_2))
=>{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
print(list_1 | list_2)# 同样代表并集

• difference(差集)

list_1 = set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
list_2 = set([3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
print(list_1.difference(list_2))
=>{1, 2}
print(list_1 - list_2) #同样代表差集

• 对称差集(symmetric_difference)

list_1 = set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
list_2 = set([3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
print(list_1.symmetric_difference(list_2))
=>{1, 2, 6, 7}
print(list_1 ^ list_2) #同样代表对称差集

• issubset/issuperset(子集/父集)

list_1 = set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
list_2 = set([3, 4, 5, 6, 7])
print(list_1.issubset(list_2))

list_3 = set([1, 2])
print(list_1.issuperset(list_3))
=>False True

• 基本操作

1.list.add(999)

2.list_1.update([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])(添加多项)

3.remove('H') #删除某个元素,如果不错在会报错

4.list_1.discard('1') #删除某个元素,如果不存在则什么都不做