Spring学习Ⅱ

Spring 初始化和销毁

jar包

jar

工程目录

配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       					   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--
            init-method 用于配置初始化方法,准备数据等
            destroy-method 用于配置销毁方法,清理资源等
        -->
    <bean id="userServiceId" class="UserServiceImpl"
          init-method="myInit" destroy-method="myDestroy" ></bean>
</beans>

代码

public interface UserService {
    void addUser();
}

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Override
    public void addUser() {
        System.out.println("addUser");
    }

    public void myInit(){
        System.out.println("初始化");
    }
    public void myDestroy(){
        System.out.println("销毁");
    }
}

测试文件

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Execute {
    @Test
    public void demo02(){
        //spring 工厂
        String xmlPath = "resource/applicationContext.xml";
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        UserService userService = (UserService) applicationContext.getBean("userServiceId");
        userService.addUser();

        //要求：1.容器必须close，销毁方法执行; 2.必须是单例的
//		applicationContext.getClass().getMethod("close").invoke(applicationContext);
        // * 此方法接口中没有定义，实现类提供
        applicationContext.close();

    }
}

结果展示

Spring使用BeanPostProcessor接口进行代理

jar包

jar

工程目录

配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       					   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--
            init-method 用于配置初始化方法,准备数据等
            destroy-method 用于配置销毁方法,清理资源等
        -->
    <bean id="userServiceId" class="UserServiceImpl"
          init-method="myInit" destroy-method="myDestroy" ></bean>


    <!-- 将后处理的实现类注册给spring -->
    <bean class="MyBeanPostProcessor"></bean>
</beans>

代码

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;

public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {

    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("前方法 ： " + beanName);
        return bean;
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(final Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("后方法 ： " + beanName);
        // bean 目标对象
        // 生成 jdk 代理
        return Proxy.newProxyInstance(
                MyBeanPostProcessor.class.getClassLoader(),
                bean.getClass().getInterfaces(),
                new InvocationHandler(){
                    @Override
                    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {

                        System.out.println("------开启事务");

                        //执行目标方法
                        Object obj = method.invoke(bean, args);

                        System.out.println("------提交事务");
                        return obj;
                    }});
    }
}

public interface UserService {
    void addUser();
}

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Override
    public void addUser() {
        System.out.println("addUser");
    }

    public void myInit(){
        System.out.println("初始化");
    }
    public void myDestroy(){
        System.out.println("销毁");
    }
}

测试文件

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Execute {
    @Test
    public void demo02(){
        //spring 工厂
        String xmlPath = "resource/applicationContext.xml";
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        UserService userService = (UserService) applicationContext.getBean("userServiceId");
        userService.addUser();

        //要求：1.容器必须close，销毁方法执行; 2.必须是单例的
//		applicationContext.getClass().getMethod("close").invoke(applicationContext);
        // * 此方法接口中没有定义，实现类提供
        applicationContext.close();

    }
}

结果展示

备注

BeanPostProcessor接口的类会实现postProcessBeforeInitialization和postProcessAfterInitialization方法，这两种方法会在Spring配置文件中的init-method方法调用前和调用后去执行。
在代码中执行完postProcessAfterInitialization方法后，得到的实际是代理对象，最后调用addUser是用代理对象调用的。

Spring依赖注入

构造函数依赖注入

配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       					   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 构造方法注入
            * <constructor-arg> 用于配置构造方法一个参数argument
                name ：参数的名称
                value：设置普通数据
                ref：引用数据，一般是另一个bean id值

                index ：参数的索引号，从0开始 。如果只有索引，匹配到了多个构造方法时，默认使用第一个。
                type ：确定参数类型
            例如：使用名称name
                <constructor-arg name="username" value="jack"></constructor-arg>
                <constructor-arg name="age" value="18"></constructor-arg>
            例如2：【类型type 和  索引 index】
                <constructor-arg index="0" type="java.lang.String" value="1"></constructor-arg>
                <constructor-arg index="1" type="java.lang.Integer" value="2"></constructor-arg>
        -->
    <bean id="userId" class="User" >
        <constructor-arg name="uid" value="1233"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="username" value="jack"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="age" value="18"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>

</beans>

代码

public class User {
    private Integer uid;
    private String username;
    private Integer age;

    public User(Integer uid, String username, Integer age) {
        this.uid = uid;
        this.username = username;
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "uid=" + uid +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

测试

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Execute {
    @Test
    public void demo02(){
        String xmlPath = "resource/applicationContext.xml";
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        User user = (User) applicationContext.getBean("userId");
        System.out.println("user = " + user);
    }
}

结果

setter方法

配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       					   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!-- setter方法注入
    * 普通数据
        <property name="" value="值">
        等效
        <property name="">
            <value>值
    * 引用数据
        <property name="" ref="另一个bean">
        等效
        <property name="">
            <ref bean="另一个bean"/>

-->
    <bean id="personId" class="Person">
        <property name="pname" value="耀眼"></property>
        <property name="age">
            <value>24</value>
        </property>

        <property name="homeAddr" ref="homeAddrId"></property>
        <property name="companyAddr">
            <ref bean="companyAddrId"/>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="homeAddrId" class="Address">
        <property name="addr" value="阜南"></property>
        <property name="tel" value="456"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="companyAddrId" class="Address">
        <property name="addr" value="沈阳"></property>
        <property name="tel" value="123"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

代码

public class Person {

    private String pname;
    private Integer age;

    private Address homeAddr;		//家庭地址
    private Address companyAddr;	//公司地址
    public String getPname() {
        return pname;
    }
    public void setPname(String pname) {
        this.pname = pname;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public Address getHomeAddr() {
        return homeAddr;
    }
    public void setHomeAddr(Address homeAddr) {
        this.homeAddr = homeAddr;
    }
    public Address getCompanyAddr() {
        return companyAddr;
    }
    public void setCompanyAddr(Address companyAddr) {
        this.companyAddr = companyAddr;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [pname=" + pname + ", age=" + age + ", homeAddr=" + homeAddr + ", companyAddr=" + companyAddr + "]";
    }



}

public class Address {

    private String addr;	//地址信息
    private String tel;		//电话


    public String getAddr() {
        return addr;
    }
    public void setAddr(String addr) {
        this.addr = addr;
    }
    public String getTel() {
        return tel;
    }
    public void setTel(String tel) {
        this.tel = tel;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address [addr=" + addr + ", tel=" + tel + "]";
    }



}

测试文件

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Execute {
    @Test
    public void demo02(){
        //从spring容器获得
        String xmlPath = "resource/applicationContext.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        Person person = (Person) applicationContext.getBean("personId");

        System.out.println(person);
    }
}

结果

集合注入

配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       					   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!--
        集合的注入都是给<property>添加子标签
            数组：<array>
            List：<list>
            Set：<set>
            Map：<map> ，map存放k/v 键值对，使用<entry>描述
            Properties：<props>  <prop key=""></prop>  【】

        普通数据：<value>
        引用数据：<ref>
    -->
    <bean id="collDataId" class="CollData" >
        <property name="arrayData">
            <array>
                <value>DS</value>
                <value>DZD</value>
                <value>屌丝</value>
                <value>屌中屌</value>
            </array>
        </property>

        <property name="listData">
            <list>
                <value>于嵩楠</value>
                <value>曾卫</value>
                <value>杨煜</value>
                <value>曾小贤</value>
            </list>
        </property>

        <property name="setData">
            <set>
                <value>停封</value>
                <value>薄纸</value>
                <value>关系</value>
            </set>
        </property>

        <property name="mapData">
            <map>
                <entry key="jack" value="杰克"></entry>
                <entry>
                    <key><value>rose</value></key>
                    <value>肉丝</value>
                </entry>
            </map>
        </property>

        <property name="propsData">
            <props>
                <prop key="高富帅">嫐</prop>
                <prop key="白富美">嬲</prop>
                <prop key="男屌丝">挊</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

代码

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Set;

public class CollData {

    private String[] arrayData;
    private List<String> listData;
    private Set<String> setData;
    private Map<String, String> mapData;
    private Properties propsData;
    public String[] getArrayData() {
        return arrayData;
    }
    public void setArrayData(String[] arrayData) {
        this.arrayData = arrayData;
    }
    public List<String> getListData() {
        return listData;
    }
    public void setListData(List<String> listData) {
        this.listData = listData;
    }
    public Set<String> getSetData() {
        return setData;
    }
    public void setSetData(Set<String> setData) {
        this.setData = setData;
    }
    public Map<String, String> getMapData() {
        return mapData;
    }
    public void setMapData(Map<String, String> mapData) {
        this.mapData = mapData;
    }
    public Properties getPropsData() {
        return propsData;
    }
    public void setPropsData(Properties propsData) {
        this.propsData = propsData;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "CollData [\narrayData=" + Arrays.toString(arrayData) + ", \nlistData=" + listData + ", \nsetData=" + setData + ", \nmapData=" + mapData + ", \npropsData=" + propsData + "\n]";
    }


}

测试文件

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Execute {
    @Test
    public void demo02(){
        //spring 工厂
        String xmlPath = "resources/applicationContext.xml";
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
        CollData collData = (CollData) applicationContext.getBean("collDataId");
        System.out.println(collData);
    }
}

结果