Centos8 二进制安装MariaDB-10.4.21

1. 安装Mariadb

1.1 安装依赖包

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libncurses* lrzsz cmake zlib-devel libcurl-devel boost-devel ncurses-devel gnutls-devel libxml2-devel openssl-devel libevent-devel libaio-devel perl-Data-Dumper

1.2 上传mariadb安装包

rz

1.3 解压安装包

建立软链接是为了以后升级数据库更方便

tar xf mariadb-10.4.21-linux-systemd-x86_64.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/
ln -sf /usr/local/mariadb-10.4.21-linux-systemd-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

1.4 添加mysql用户

useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /data -u 306 mysql

2. 创建数据库配置

2.1 初始化数据库

mkdir /data
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data

2.2 工作目录赋权

chown -R mysql.mysql /data /usr/local/mysql /usr/local/mariadb*

2.3 配置mariadb启动配置文件

mkdir /etc/my.cnf.d
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data
port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
[client]
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
EOF

2.4 配置mariadb启动文件

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" >/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
. /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
sed -Ei 's#^(basedir=)$#\1\/usr\/local\/mysql#' /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -Ei 's#^(datadir=)$#\1\/data#' /etc/init.d/mysqld

确认这部分和实际配置的目录相符

2.5 启动Mariadb并设置开机自动启动

chkconfig --add mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl start mysqld

2.6 连接数据库

3. 报错处理:

3.1 报错1:

mysql: error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

[root@mariadb10-4 mysql]# yum provides libncurses.so.5
Last metadata expiration check: 0:35:16 ago on Thu 16 Sep 2021 04:33:15 PM CST.
ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.i686 : Ncurses compatibility libraries
Repo        : baseos
Matched from:
Provide    : libncurses.so.5

解决方法:

yum install libncurses* -y

3.2 报错2:

[ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied
[ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: 
[ERROR] /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock ?
Aborting
[ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied
[ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock ?
[ERROR] Aborting
mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid ended

解决方法:

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mariadb* /usr/local/mysql*