4、poll、epoll、epoll反应堆（linux网络编程）

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-24 18:09:14 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-10-24 18:09:14 发布

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分类专栏： Linux网络编程文章标签：内核 epoll 网络 socket

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30457077/article/details/116445627

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wrap.h

#ifndef __WRAP_H_
#define __WRAP_H_
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <strings.h>

void perr_exit(const char *s);
int Accept(int fd, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *salenptr);
int Bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen);
int Connect(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen);
int Listen(int fd, int backlog);
int Socket(int family, int type, int protocol);
ssize_t Read(int fd, void *ptr, size_t nbytes);
ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *ptr, size_t nbytes);
int Close(int fd);
ssize_t Readn(int fd, void *vptr, size_t n);
ssize_t Writen(int fd, const void *vptr, size_t n);
ssize_t my_read(int fd, char *ptr);
ssize_t Readline(int fd, void *vptr, size_t maxlen);
int tcp4bind(short port,const char *IP);
#endif

wrap.c

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <strings.h>

void perr_exit(const char *s)
{
   
	perror(s);
	exit(-1);
}

int Accept(int fd, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *salenptr)
{
   
	int n;

again:
	if ((n = accept(fd, sa, salenptr)) < 0) {
   
		if ((errno == ECONNABORTED) || (errno == EINTR))
			goto again;
		else
			perr_exit("accept error");
	}
	return n;
}

int Bind(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen)
{
   
    int n;

	if ((n = bind(fd, sa, salen)) < 0)
		perr_exit("bind error");

    return n;
}

int Connect(int fd, const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen)
{
   
    int n;

	if ((n = connect(fd, sa, salen)) < 0)
		perr_exit("connect error");

    return n;
}

int Listen(int fd, int backlog)
{
   
    int n;

	if ((n = listen(fd, backlog)) < 0)
		perr_exit("listen error");

    return n;
}

int Socket(int family, int type, int protocol)
{
   
	int n;

	if ((n = socket(family, type, protocol)) < 0)
		perr_exit("socket error");

	return n;
}

ssize_t Read(int fd, void *ptr, size_t nbytes)
{
   
	ssize_t n;

again:
	if ( (n = read(fd, ptr, nbytes)) == -1) {
   
		if (errno == EINTR)
			goto again;
		else
			return -1;
	}
	return n;
}

ssize_t Write(int fd, const void *ptr, size_t nbytes)
{
   
	ssize_t n;

again:
	if ( (n = write(fd, ptr, nbytes)) == -1) {
   
		if (errno == EINTR)
			goto again;
		else
			return -1;
	}
	return n;
}

int Close(int fd)
{
   
    int n;
	if ((n = close(fd)) == -1)
		perr_exit("close error");

    return n;
}

/*参三: 应该读取的字节数*/
ssize_t Readn(int fd, void *vptr, size_t n)
{
   
	size_t  nleft;              //usigned int 剩余未读取的字节数
	ssize_t nread;              //int 实际读到的字节数
	char   *ptr;

	ptr = vptr;
	nleft = n;

	while (nleft > 0) {
   
		if ((nread = read(fd, ptr, nleft)) < 0) {
   
			if (errno == EINTR)
				nread = 0;
			else
				return -1;
		} else if (nread == 0)
			break;

		nleft -= nread;
		ptr += nread;
	}
	return n - nleft;
}

ssize_t Writen(int fd, const void *vptr, size_t n)
{
   
	size_t nleft;
	ssize_t nwritten;
	const char *ptr;

	ptr = vptr;
	nleft = n;
	while (nleft > 0) {
   
		if ( (nwritten = write(fd, ptr, nleft)) <= 0) {
   
			if (nwritten < 0 && errno == EINTR)
				nwritten = 0;
			else
				return -1;
		}

		nleft -= nwritten;
		ptr += nwritten;
	}
	return n;
}

static ssize_t my_read(int fd, char *ptr)
{
   
	static int read_cnt;
	static char *read_ptr;
	static char read_buf[100];

	if (read_cnt <= 0) {
   
again:
		if ( (read_cnt = read(fd, read_buf, sizeof(read_buf))) < 0) {
   
			if (errno == EINTR)
				goto again;
			return -1;
		} else if (read_cnt == 0)
			return 0;
		read_ptr = read_buf;
	}
	read_cnt--;
	*ptr = *read_ptr++;

	return 1;
}

ssize_t Readline(int fd, void *vptr, size_t maxlen)
{
   
	ssize_t n, rc;
	char    c, *ptr;

	ptr = vptr;
	for (n = 1; n < maxlen; n++) {
   
		if ( (rc = my_read(fd, &c)) == 1) {
   
			*ptr++ = c;
			if (c  == '\n')
				break;
		} else if (rc == 0) {
   
			*ptr = 0;
			return n - 1;
		} else
			return -1;
	}
	*ptr  = 0;

	return n;
}

int tcp4bind(short port,const char *IP)
{
   
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    int lfd = Socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    bzero(&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr));
    if(IP == NULL){
   
        //如果这样使用 0.0.0.0,任意ip将可以连接
        serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    }else{
   
        if(inet_pton(AF_INET,IP,&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr) <= 0){
   
            perror(IP);//转换失败
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_port   = htons(port);
    Bind(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr));
    return lfd;
}

int poll(struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int timeout);

函数说明: 跟select类似, 委托内核监控可读, 可写, 异常事件
函数参数:
fds: 一个struct pollfd结构体数组的首地址
struct pollfd {
int fd; //要监控的文件描述符,如果fd为-1, 表示内核不再监控
short events; //输入参数, 表示告诉内核要监控的事件, 读事件, 写事件, 异常事件
short revents;//输出参数, 表示内核告诉应用程序有哪些文件描述符有事件发生
};
events/revents:
POLLIN:可读事件
POLLOUT: 可写事件
POLLERR: 异常事件
nfds: 告诉内核监控的范围, 具体是: 数组下标的最大值+1
timeout:
=0: 不阻塞, 立刻返回
-1: 表示一直阻塞, 直到有事件发生
>0: 表示阻塞时长, 在时长范围内若有事件发生会立刻返回;
如果超过了时长也会立刻返回
函数返回值:
>0: 发生变化的文件描述符的个数
=0: 没有文件描述符发生变化
-1: 表示异常

使用poll模型开发服务端流程:

{
   
1 创建socket, 得到监听文件描述符lfd----socket()
2 设置端口复用----setsockopt()
3 绑定----bind()

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