SpringCloud之Feign（八）

Git源码: https://github.com/chenhang666/SpringCloud

1、概述

官方文档：http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/spring-cloud.html#spring-cloud-feign

Feign是一个声明式WebService客户端。使用Feign能让编写Web Service客户端更加简单，它的使用方法是定义一个借口，然后在上面添加注解，同时也支持JAX-RS标准的注解。Feign也支持可拔插式的编码器和解码器。Spring Cloud对Feign进行了封装使其支持了Spring MVC标准注解和HttpMessageConverters。Feign可以与Eureka和Ribbon组合使用以支持负载均衡。

一句话概括：Feign是一个声明式的Web服务客户端，使得编写Web服务客户端变得非常容易，只需要创建一个接口，然后在上面添加注释即可。

2、实现Feign

公共模块新增接口

         导入Maven依赖

	<dependency>
  		<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  		<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
  	</dependency>

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.chen.springcloud.entity.Dept;

@FeignClient(value="MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT")
public interface DeptClientService {

	@RequestMapping(value="/dept/get/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") long id);
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/dept/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public List<Dept> list();
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/dept/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public boolean add(Dept dept);
	
}

 微服务项目创建Controller

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.chen.springcloud.entity.Dept;
import com.chen.springcloud.service.DeptClientService;

@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer {

	@Autowired
	private DeptClientService service;
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
	public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") long id) {
		return this.service.get(id);
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/list")
	public List<Dept> list(){
		return this.service.list();
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/add")
	public Object add(Dept dept) {
		return this.service.add(dept);
	}
	
	
}

微服务项目主启动类增加注释

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients(basePackages= {"com.chen.springcloud"})
@ComponentScan("com.chen.springcloud")
public class DeptConsumer80_Feign_App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_Feign_App.class, args);
	}

}

Feign项目即可搭建成功，默认策略为轮询。

3、修改访问策略

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;

@Configuration    //等同于spring applicationContext.xml
public class ConfigBean {

	@Bean
	@LoadBalanced   //自带负载均衡  默认轮询
	public RestTemplate geRestTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}
	
	//feign也会生效
	
	@Bean
	public IRule myRule() {
		return new RandomRule();
		//return new RetryRule();
	}
	
}

现封装好的策略可参考：Ribbon访问策略

feign定义服务绑定接口且以声明式的方法，实现了服务调用，Feign直接找到服务接口，由于在进行服务调用的时候融合了Ribbon技术。