Git源码: https://github.com/chenhang666/SpringCloud
1、概述
官方文档:http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/spring-cloud.html#spring-cloud-feign
Feign是一个声明式WebService客户端。使用Feign能让编写Web Service客户端更加简单,它的使用方法是定义一个借口,然后在上面添加注解,同时也支持JAX-RS标准的注解。Feign也支持可拔插式的编码器和解码器。Spring Cloud对Feign进行了封装使其支持了Spring MVC标准注解和HttpMessageConverters。Feign可以与Eureka和Ribbon组合使用以支持负载均衡。
一句话概括:Feign是一个声明式的Web服务客户端,使得编写Web服务客户端变得非常容易,只需要创建一个接口,然后在上面添加注释即可。
2、实现Feign
公共模块新增接口
导入Maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import com.chen.springcloud.entity.Dept;
@FeignClient(value="MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT")
public interface DeptClientService {
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/get/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") long id);
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public List<Dept> list();
@RequestMapping(value="/dept/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public boolean add(Dept dept);
}
微服务项目创建Controller
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.chen.springcloud.entity.Dept;
import com.chen.springcloud.service.DeptClientService;
@RestController
public class DeptController_Consumer {
@Autowired
private DeptClientService service;
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") long id) {
return this.service.get(id);
}
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/list")
public List<Dept> list(){
return this.service.list();
}
@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/add")
public Object add(Dept dept) {
return this.service.add(dept);
}
}
微服务项目主启动类增加注释
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients(basePackages= {"com.chen.springcloud"})
@ComponentScan("com.chen.springcloud")
public class DeptConsumer80_Feign_App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_Feign_App.class, args);
}
}
Feign项目即可搭建成功,默认策略为轮询。
3、修改访问策略
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
@Configuration //等同于spring applicationContext.xml
public class ConfigBean {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced //自带负载均衡 默认轮询
public RestTemplate geRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
//feign也会生效
@Bean
public IRule myRule() {
return new RandomRule();
//return new RetryRule();
}
}
现封装好的策略可参考:Ribbon访问策略
feign定义服务绑定接口且以声明式的方法,实现了服务调用,Feign直接找到服务接口,由于在进行服务调用的时候融合了Ribbon技术。