Java 类文件结构整理

ClassFile 结构

ClassFile {
    u4             magic;
    u2             minor_version;
    u2             major_version;
    u2             constant_pool_count;
    cp_info        constant_pool[constant_pool_count-1];
    u2             access_flags;
    u2             this_class;
    u2             super_class;
    u2             interfaces_count;
    u2             interfaces[interfaces_count];
    u2             fields_count;
    field_info     fields[fields_count];
    u2             methods_count;
    method_info    methods[methods_count];
    u2             attributes_count;
    attribute_info attributes[attributes_count];
}

总结一下，之后按着这个来

字节数	名称	描述
u4	magic;	1 魔数
u2	minor_version;
u2	major_version;	2 Class文件版本
u2	constant_pool_count;	3 常量池
cp_info	constant_pool[constant_pool_count-1];
u2	access_flags;	4 访问标志
u2	this_class;	5 类索引
u2	super_class;
u2	interfaces_count;
u2	interfaces[interfaces_count];
u2	fields_count;	6 字段表集合
field_info	fields[fields_count];
u2	methods_count;	7 方法表集合
method_info	methods[methods_count];
u2	attributes_count;	8 属性表集合
attribute_info	attributes[attributes_count];

1. 魔数

0xCAFEBABE

2. Class 文件版本

0x0034 = 52 = JDK8

3. 常量池

查看命令： javap -verbose TestClass.class

开头为常量池容量，u2 类型

常量池项目类型

类型	tag	描述
CONSTANT_utf8_info	1	UTF-8 编码的字符串
CONSTANT_Integer_info	3	整型字面量
CONSTANT_Float_info	4	浮点型字面量
CONSTANT_Long_info	5	长整型字面量
CONSTANT_Double_info	6	双精度浮点型字面量
CONSTANT_Class_info	7	类或接口的符号引用
CONSTANT_String_info	8	字符串类型字面量
CONSTANT_Fieldref_info	9	字段的符号引用
CONSTANT_Methodref_info	10	类中方法的符号引用
CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref_info	11	接口中方法的符号引用
CONSTANT_NameAndType_info	12	字段或方法的符号引用
CONSTANT_MethodHandle_info	15	表示方法句柄
CONSTANT_MethodType_info	16	标识方法类型
CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic_info	18	表示一个动态方法调用点

4. 访问标志

访问标识：表示类或接口的访问信息
在 16 进制文件中，对应常量池结束后的 .!

类、接口访问标志

Flag Name	Value	Interpretation
ACC_PUBLIC	0x0001	Declared public; may be accessed from outside its package.
ACC_FINAL	0x0010	Declared final; no subclasses allowed.
ACC_SUPER	0x0020	Treat superclass methods specially when invoked by the invokespecial instruction.
ACC_INTERFACE	0x0200	Is an interface, not a class.
ACC_ABSTRACT	0x0400	Declared abstract; must not be instantiated.
ACC_SYNTHETIC	0x1000	Declared synthetic; not present in the source code.
ACC_ANNOTATION	0x2000	Declared as an annotation type.
ACC_ENUM	0x4000	Declared as an enum type.

5. 类索引、父类索引、接口索引集合

接口索引集合：第一项为接口的数量

6. 字段表集合

field_info {
    u2             access_flags;
    u2             name_index;
    u2             descriptor_index;
    u2             attributes_count;
    attribute_info attributes[attributes_count];
}

字段访问标志

Flag Name	Value	Interpretation
ACC_PUBLIC	0x0001	Declared public; may be accessed from outside its package.
ACC_PRIVATE	0x0002	Declared private; usable only within the defining class.
ACC_PROTECTED	0x0004	Declared protected; may be accessed within subclasses.
ACC_STATIC	0x0008	Declared static.
ACC_FINAL	0x0010	Declared final; never directly assigned to after object construction.
ACC_VOLATILE	0x0040	Declared volatile; cannot be cached.
ACC_TRANSIENT	0x0080	Declared transient; not written or read by a persistent object manager.
ACC_SYNTHETIC	0x1000	Declared synthetic; not present in the source code.
ACC_ENUM	0x4000	Declared as an element of an enum.

基本数据类型 - 描述符标志符

标识字符	含义
B	byte
S	short
I	int
⭐️J	long
F	float
D	double
C	char
⭐️Z	boolean
V	void
L	对象类型，如Ljava/lang/Object

7. 方法表集合

method_info {
    u2             access_flags;
    u2             name_index;
    u2             descriptor_index;
    u2             attributes_count;
    attribute_info attributes[attributes_count];
}

方法访问标志

public、private、protected 只能选其一
接口字段必须有 public static final

FlagName	Value	Interpretation
ACC_PUBLIC	0x0001	Declared public; may be accessed from outside its package.
ACC_PRIVATE	0x0002	Declared private; accessible only within the defining class.
ACC_PROTECTED	0x0004	Declared protected; may be accessed within subclasses.
ACC_STATIC	0x0008	Declared static.
ACC_FINAL	0x0010	Declared final; must not be overridden .
ACC_SYNCHRONIZED	0x0020	Declared synchronized; invocation is wrapped by a monitor use.
ACC_BRIDGE	0x0040	A bridge method, generated by the compiler.
ACC_VARARGS	0x0080	方法是否接收不定参数 Declared with variable number of arguments.
ACC_NATIVE	0x0100	Declared native; implemented in a language other than Java.
ACC_ABSTRACT	0x0400	Declared abstract; no implementation is provided.
ACC_STRICT	0x0800	Declared strictfp; floating-point mode is FP-strict.
ACC_SYNTHETIC	0x1000	Declared synthetic; not present in the source code.

8. 属性表集合

attribute_info {
    u2 attribute_name_index;
    u4 attribute_length;
    u1 info[attribute_length];
}

code 属性

Code_attribute {
    u2 attribute_name_index;
    u4 attribute_length;
    u2 max_stack;
    u2 max_locals;
    u4 code_length;
    u1 code[code_length];
    u2 exception_table_length;
    {   u2 start_pc;
        u2 end_pc;
        u2 handler_pc;
        u2 catch_type;
    } exception_table[exception_table_length];
    u2 attributes_count;
    attribute_info attributes[attributes_count];
}

参考

• 深入理解Java虚拟机 第六章
• The class File Format
• Jvm笔记总结(七)：Class文件结构