【JetPack】ViewModel结合SharedPreference实现重启手机后仍能存活

MainActivity.java

package com.dj.viewmodelwithsharedpreference;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.databinding.DataBindingUtil;
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModelProviders;

import android.os.Bundle;

import com.dj.viewmodelwithsharedpreference.databinding.ActivityMainBinding;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    MyViewModel myViewModel;
    ActivityMainBinding binding;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_main);
        myViewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(MyViewModel.class);
        binding.setData(myViewModel);
        binding.setLifecycleOwner(this);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        myViewModel.save();
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">

    <data>
        <variable
            name="data"
            type="com.dj.viewmodelwithsharedpreference.MyViewModel"/>
    </data>

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@{String.valueOf(data.getNumber())}"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/guideline3"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline3" />

        <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
            android:id="@+id/guideline"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="vertical"
            app:layout_constraintGuide_begin="20dp"
            app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.5" />

        <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
            android:id="@+id/guideline2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="horizontal"
            app:layout_constraintGuide_begin="20dp"
            app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.6" />

        <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
            android:id="@+id/guideline3"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="horizontal"
            app:layout_constraintGuide_begin="20dp"
            app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.4" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Button"
            android:onClick="@{()->data.add(-1)}"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/guideline4"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/guideline"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline2" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/button2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Button"
            android:onClick="@{()->data.add(1)}"
            app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/guideline4"
            app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
            app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/guideline"
            app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline2" />

        <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
            android:id="@+id/guideline4"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:orientation="horizontal"
            app:layout_constraintGuide_begin="20dp"
            app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.7" />

    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</layout>

MyViewModel.java

package com.dj.viewmodelwithsharedpreference;

import android.app.Application;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.lifecycle.AndroidViewModel;
import androidx.lifecycle.LiveData;
import androidx.lifecycle.SavedStateHandle;

public class MyViewModel extends AndroidViewModel {
    SavedStateHandle handle;
    String key = getApplication().getResources().getString(R.string.data_key);
    String shpName = getApplication().getResources().getString(R.string.shp_name);

    public MyViewModel(@NonNull Application application, SavedStateHandle handle) {
        super(application);
        this.handle = handle;

        // 手机重启后，数据仍能恢复
        // 如果handle中不存在key，那就从sharedPreference中读取数据
        if(!handle.contains(key)) {
            load();
        }
    }

    public LiveData<Integer> getNumber() {
        return handle.getLiveData(key);
    }

    public void load() {
        SharedPreferences shp = getApplication().getSharedPreferences(shpName, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        int x = shp.getInt(key, 0);
        handle.set(key, x);
    }

    public void save() {
        SharedPreferences shp = getApplication().getSharedPreferences(shpName, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = shp.edit();
        editor.putInt(key, getNumber().getValue());
        editor.apply();
    }

    public void add(int x) {
        handle.set(key, getNumber().getValue() + x);
    }
}

strings.xml

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">ViewModelWithSharedPreference</string>
    <string name="data_key">DATA_KEY</string>
    <string name="shp_name">SHP_NAME</string>
</resources>

build.gradle(:app)

plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
}

android {
    compileSdkVersion 30
    buildToolsVersion "30.0.2"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.dj.viewmodelwithsharedpreference"
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 30
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }

    buildFeatures{
        dataBinding true
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.1.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
    implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.2.0'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
    implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-savedstate:2.2.0'
}