设计模式---装饰者模式

问题:

设计咖啡馆订单项目：
 1）、咖啡种类：Espresso、ShortBlack、LongBlack、Decaf
 2）、调料：Milk、Soy、Chocolate

 3）、扩展性好、改动方便、维护方便

1、一个差的方案

 

2、 一个好一点的设计方案

 

 

3、 有些问题

 1）增删调料种类
 2）添加多份问题

装饰者模式原理 

1、装饰者模式就像打包一个快递
 1）主体：陶瓷、衣服
 2）包装：报纸填充、塑料泡沫、纸板、木板

2、Component：

3、ConcreteComponent和Decorator：

4、 装饰者模式 ：    动态的将新功能附加到对象上 。 在对象功能扩展方面 ， 它
比继承更有弹性 

 

新的项目设计方案

1、用装饰者模式设计重新设计的方案

2、装饰者模式下的订单：2份巧克力+一份牛奶的LongBlack

 

代码实现:

AbstractDrink

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar;

/**
 *
 */
public abstract class AbstractDrink {
	//描述信息
	public String description="";
	//价格
	private float price=0f;;
	//setter getter
	public void setDescription(String description)
	{
		this.description=description;
	}
	public String getDescription()
	{
		return description+"-"+this.getPrice();
	}
	public float getPrice()
	{
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(float price)
	{
		this.price=price;
	}
	//需花费的价格
	public abstract float cost();
	
}

CoffeeDrink 继承AbstractDrink

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.coffee;

import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.AbstractDrink;

public  class CoffeeDrink extends AbstractDrink {
	/**
	 *
	 * @return 花费的价格
	 */
	@Override
	public float cost() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getPrice();
	}
}

DecafCoffeeDrink 继承CoffeeDrink

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.coffee;

public class DecafCoffeeDrink extends CoffeeDrink {
	public DecafCoffeeDrink()
	{
		//设置描述信息
		super.setDescription("DecafCoffeeDrink");
		//设置价格
		super.setPrice(3.0f);
	}
}

EspressoCoffeeDrink继承CoffeeDrink

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.coffee;

public class EspressoCoffeeDrink extends CoffeeDrink {
	public EspressoCoffeeDrink()
	{
		//设置描述信息
		super.setDescription("EspressoCoffeeDrink");
		//设置价格
		super.setPrice(4.0f);
	}
}

 

LongBlackCoffeeDrink 继承 CoffeeDrink

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.coffee;

public class LongBlackCoffeeDrink extends CoffeeDrink {
	public LongBlackCoffeeDrink()
	{
		//设置描述信息
		super.setDescription("LongBlackCoffeeDrink");
		//设置价格
		super.setPrice(6.0f);
	}
}

 

ShortBlackCoffeeDrink继承 CoffeeDrink

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.coffee;

public class ShortBlackCoffeeDrink extends CoffeeDrink {
	
	public ShortBlackCoffeeDrink()
	{
		//设置描述信息
		super.setDescription("ShortBlackCoffeeDrink");
		//设置价格
		super.setPrice(5.0f);
	}

}

装饰者

Decorator 继承  AbstractDrink

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.decorator;

import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.AbstractDrink;

public  class Decorator extends AbstractDrink {
	//抽象类的引用
	private AbstractDrink Obj;
	public Decorator(AbstractDrink Obj){
		this.Obj=Obj;
	};
	/**
	 * @return 价格
	 */
	@Override
	public float cost() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getPrice()+Obj.cost();
	}

	/**
	 * @return 描述信息
	 */
	@Override
	public String getDescription()
	{
		return super.description+"-"+super.getPrice()+"&&"+Obj.getDescription();
	}
	}

ChocolateDecorator 继承  Decorator 

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.decorator;

import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.AbstractDrink;

public class ChocolateDecorator extends Decorator {

	public ChocolateDecorator(AbstractDrink Obj) {
		super(Obj);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		super.setDescription("ChocolateDecorator");
		super.setPrice(3.0f);
	}

}

MilkDecorator 继承 Decorator

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.decorator;

import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.AbstractDrink;

public class MilkDecorator extends Decorator {
	public MilkDecorator(AbstractDrink Obj) {
		super(Obj);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		super.setDescription("MilkDecorator");
		super.setPrice(2.0f);
	}
}

SoyDecorator继承 Decorator

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.decorator;

import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.AbstractDrink;

public class SoyDecorator extends Decorator {

	public SoyDecorator(AbstractDrink Obj) {
		super(Obj);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		super.setDescription("SoyDecorator");
		super.setPrice(1.5f);
	}

}

 

Test

package com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar;

import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.coffee.DecafCoffeeDrink;
import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.coffee.LongBlackCoffeeDrink;
import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.decorator.ChocolateDecorator;
import com.java.jikexueyuan.coffeebar.decorator.MilkDecorator;
public class CoffeeBar {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		AbstractDrink order;
		order=new DecafCoffeeDrink();
		System.out.println("order1 price:"+order.cost());//3
		System.out.println("order1 desc:"+order.getDescription());
		
		System.out.println("****************");
		order=new LongBlackCoffeeDrink();//6
		order=new MilkDecorator(order);//6+2
		order=new ChocolateDecorator(order);//6+2+3
		order=new ChocolateDecorator(order);//6+2+3+3
		System.out.println("order2 price:"+order.cost());
		System.out.println("order2 desc:"+order.getDescription());
	}
}

 

结果