gitignore详细介绍--有栗子

.gitignore官网
Ignore file changes with Git
.gitignore 文件用法

举例

栗子1 ？？？

The pattern “foo/*”, matches “foo/test.json” (a regular file), “foo/bar” (a directory), but it does not match “foo/bar/hello.c” (a regular file), as the asterisk in the pattern does not match “bar/hello.c” which has a slash in it.？？？？
未验证成功！！！

栗子2：除了…，忽略所有

It is not possible to re-include a file if a parent directory of that file is excluded.
Example to exclude everything except a specific directory foo/bar (note the /* - without the slash, the wildcard would also exclude everything within foo/bar):

$ cat .gitignore
# exclude everything except directory foo/bar
/*			# 除了foo/bar下的文件或文件夹，排除所有的文件或文件夹?
!/foo		# 不排除foo文件夹
/foo/*		# 排除foo文件夹下的所有文件
!/foo/bar	# 不排除foo/bar文件夹

栗子3：除了…，忽略所有

文件夹结构

uploads
…|----avatar
…|…|----default_a.jpg
…|…|----default_b.jpg
…|…|----default_c.jpg
…|----article
…|----girl

uploads/*
!uploads/avatar/
uploads/avatar/*
!uploads/avatar/default*

忽略 uploads 文件夹下的所有文件，但是保留 avatar 目录下的 default*的文件跟踪

foo/*与'foo/*'的差异

rm .gitignore
echo foo/* >> .gitignore
cat .gitignore			# 结果是，foo/bar foo/test.json
rm .gitignore
echo 'foo/*' >> .gitignore
cat .gitignore			# 结果是，foo/*