生成器模式

定义：将一个复杂对象的创建过程，封装到一个对象中（生成器），然后让客户端调用生成器按步骤构造对象。

代码：

public class Student {

	// id
	private Long id;
	
	// 姓名
	private String name;
	
	// 性别
	private Integer sex;
	
	// 手机号码
	private String mobile;
	
	// 出生日期
	private Date birthday;
	
	// ----------提供默认构造函数和getter、setter方法
	public Student() {}
	
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(Integer sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public String getMobile() {
		return mobile;
	}

	public void setMobile(String mobile) {
		this.mobile = mobile;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	// ----------提供默认构造函数和getter、setter方法
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", mobile=" + mobile + ", birthday=" + birthday
				+ "]";
	}
	
	public static Builder builder() {
		return new Builder();
	}
	
	// 构造器
	public static class Builder {
		private Student student;
		
		public Builder() {
			this.student = new Student(); 
		}
		
		public Builder id(Long id) {
			student.id = id;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder name(String name) {
			student.name = name;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder sex(Integer sex) {
			student.sex = sex;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder mobile(String mobile) {
			student.mobile = mobile;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Builder birthday(Date birthday) {
			student.birthday = birthday;
			return this;
		}
		
		public Student build() {
			return this.student;
		}
		
	}
}

测试：

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 学生1
		Student student1 = Student.builder().id(1L).name("梅西").sex(1).mobile("13800138000").build();
		// 打印学生1信息
		System.out.println(student1);
		// 学生2
		Student student2 = Student.builder().id(2L).name("内马尔").sex(1).mobile("13800138002").build();
		// 打印学生2信息
		System.out.println(student2);

	}

}

结果：

Student [id=1, name=梅西, sex=1, mobile=13800138000, birthday=null]
Student [id=2, name=内马尔, sex=1, mobile=13800138002, birthday=null]

注意：生成器模式还有其它写法，比如在调用Builder.build方法时才创建目标对象，然后将builder的属性复制过去，详情看《Effective Java 中文版 第2版》P11。

下面附上lombok(http://blog.didispace.com/java-lombok-1/)的Builder注解生成的生成器模式代码

1、源码

import java.util.Date;

import lombok.Builder;

// 省略getter/setter注解
@Builder
public class Student {
	
	private Long id;
	
	private String name;
	
	private Date birthday;
	
}

2、反编译后的代码

import java.util.Date;

public class Student
{
  private Long id;
  private String name;
  private Date birthday;
  
  public static class StudentBuilder
  {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Date birthday;
    
    public String toString()
    {
      return "Student.StudentBuilder(id=" + this.id + ", name=" + this.name + ", birthday=" + this.birthday + ")";
    }
    
    public Student build()
    {
      return new Student(this.id, this.name, this.birthday);
    }
    
    public StudentBuilder birthday(Date birthday)
    {
      this.birthday = birthday;return this;
    }
    
    public StudentBuilder name(String name)
    {
      this.name = name;return this;
    }
    
    public StudentBuilder id(Long id)
    {
      this.id = id;return this;
    }
  }
  
  public static StudentBuilder builder()
  {
    return new StudentBuilder();
  }
  
  Student(Long id, String name, Date birthday)
  {
    this.id = id;this.name = name;this.birthday = birthday;
  }
}