RMAN 恢复丢失的数据文件

RMAN 恢复丢失的数据文件

一、系統数据文件丢失（system、undo）

前提是一定要有备份，必须要关闭数据库，启动到mount阶段才能开始恢复

试验：

1.用RMAN备份数据库：bakcup database；

2.删除system或undo数据文件：rm system01.dbf

3.RMAN还原数据库

      RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 04-MAY-18

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=7 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2018_05_04/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20180504T154139_fgr3on7k_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2018_05_04/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20180504T154139_fgr3on7k_.bkp tag=TAG20180504T154139

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

Finished restore at 04-MAY-18

4.恢复数据库

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 04-MAY-18

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2018_05_04/o1_mf_1_11_fgr80gc0_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2018_05_04/o1_mf_1_12_fgr80gf1_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2018_05_04/o1_mf_1_1_fgrsbcb3_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2018_05_04/o1_mf_1_2_fgrtn1lm_.arc

archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2018_05_04/o1_mf_1_11_fgr80gc0_.arc thread=1 sequence=11

archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2018_05_04/o1_mf_1_12_fgr80gf1_.arc thread=1 sequence=12

archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2018_05_04/o1_mf_1_1_fgrsbcb3_.arc thread=1 sequence=1

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02

Finished recover at 04-MAY-18

5.修改数据库位open状态

alter database open；

至此，丢失文件已经恢复回来。

二、普通数据文件丢失（users）

前提是必须要做过备份，在数据库运行中即可恢复，无需停机恢复

1.用RMAN备份数据库：bakcup database；

2.删除users或其他数据文件：rm users01.dbf

3.RMAN还原

RMAN> run {

2> sql 'alter tablespace users offline immediate';

3> restore tablespace users;

4> recover tablespace users;

5> sql 'alter tablespace users online';

6> }

sql statement: alter tablespace users offline immediate

Starting restore at 04-MAY-18

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2018_05_04/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20180504T222659_fgrvfn6s_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2018_05_04/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20180504T222659_fgrvfn6s_.bkp tag=TAG20180504T222659

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished restore at 04-MAY-18

Starting recover at 04-MAY-18

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 04-MAY-18

sql statement: alter tablespace users online

至此，被删除的users表空间对应的数据文件已经恢复。