swift 字符串

//字符串和字符

//1、字符串通缩String 类型来表示，字符通过Character来表示

let someString = "some string literal value"

let quotation = """
    aaa
    vvv
    
    vvv
    
    bbbbb \
    sdsds
    使用反斜杠来续行
    """


// 初始化空字符串
var emptyString = ""

var anotherEmptyString = String()

//判断字符串是否为空
if emptyString.isEmpty {
    print("string is empty")
}

// 字符串是值类型，因此作为参数或者传递的时候会进行值拷贝

// 使用字符
for character in "Dog!🐮" {
    print(character)
}

let execCharacter: Character = "!"

//字符与字符串
let catCharacters:[Character] = ["c","a","t","!","d"]
var catString = String(catCharacters)


//字符串添加单个字符

catString.append(execCharacter)

//字符串插值  \(变量)

// 计算字符数量 count

//字符串查找
let greeting = "Guten Tag!"

greeting[greeting.startIndex]

greeting[greeting.index(before: greeting.endIndex)]
greeting[greeting.index(after: greeting.startIndex)]

let index = greeting.index(greeting.startIndex, offsetBy: 7)

//indices 创建全部索引的范围
for index in greeting.indices {
    print("\(greeting[index])",terminator: "")
}

// 插入 insert（at:）
var welcome = "hello"
welcome.insert("!", at: welcome.endIndex)
// 删除 remove(at:)
welcome.remove(at: welcome.index(before: welcome.endIndex))

// 字符串的比较
/*
    ！=
 
    ==
 */