json.dumps()
json.dumps(): python数据类型转化为json字符串
比如: 将字符串,字典,列表类型的数据转换成json字符串类型的数据
import json
data_dict = {"name": "jack Ma", "QQ": ["12345", "abcd"]}
data_json = json.dumps(data_dict)
print(type(data_json), data_dict)
# <class 'str'> {'name': 'jack Ma', 'QQ': ['12345', 'abcd']}
data_list = [1, 2, 3, 4]
data_json = json.dumps(data_list)
print(type(data_json), data_json)
# <class 'str'> [1, 2, 3, 4]
json.loads()
json.loads(): json字符串转化为python数据类型
比如:将json字符串类型的数据转换成列表,字典,字符串类型数据
import json
data_json_str = '{"name":"jack ma", "QQ":["12345","abcde"]}'
data_dict = json.loads(data_json_str)
print(type(data_dict), data_dict)
# <class 'dict'> {'name': 'jack ma', 'QQ': ['12345', 'abcde']}
data_json_str = '[1,2,3,4]'
data_list = json.loads(data_json_str)
print(type(data_list), data_list)
# <class 'list'> [1, 2, 3, 4]
json.load() 和 json.dump()
json.load() : 包含json的类文件对象转化为python数据类型;
json.dump(): python数据类型转化为包含json的类文件对象;
举例1
import json
file_json = "data_list.json"
data_list = [{"city": "nanjing"}, {"name": "zhu"}]
# 写入json文件
with open(file_json, "w") as fw:
json.dump(data_list, fw, ensure_ascii=False)
# 从json文件读出
with open(file_json) as f:
get_data_list = json.load(f)
print(type(get_data_list), get_data_list)
# <class 'list'> [{'city': 'nanjing'}, {'name': 'zhu'}]
举例2
import json
file_json = "data_list.json"
data_dict = {"city": "nanjing", "name": "ma"}
with open(file_json, "w") as fw:
json.dump(data_dict, fw, ensure_ascii=False)
with open(file_json) as f:
get_data_dict = json.load(f)
print(type(get_data_dict), get_data_dict)
# <class 'dict'> {'city': 'nanjing', 'name': 'ma'}
注: json文件为防出现中文乱码:ensure_ascii=False
什么是类文件对象?
具有read()或者write()方法的对象就是类文件对象,
file =open("listStr.json","w")
中 file 就是类文件对象
应用:将txt文件转为json文件
demo1:将txt文本读取到,然后转为json形式,再写入json格式文件。
import json
file_txt = 'test.txt'
file_json = 'test.json'
with open(file_txt, 'rb') as fr:
content = fr.read().decode('utf8')
print(content) # str
with open(file_json, 'w') as fw:
content_json = json.dumps(content)
fw.write(content_json)
demo2:如果是将一个json文件的内容写到另一个json文件,先将json文本读取,再直接写入另一个json格式文本。
import json
file = 'test.json'
# file = 'test.txt'
newfile = 'newtest.json'
with open(file, 'rb') as fr:
if file.endswith('json'):
content = json.load(fr)
elif file.endswith('txt'):
content = fr.read().decode('utf8')
print(type(content), content) # str
with open(newfile, 'w') as fw:
json.dump(content, fw)