linux centos7 下安装python3

1.下载python3的安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.3/Python-3.7.3.tgz #用wget下载安装包

tar -zxvf Python-3.7.3.tgz #解压下载的安装包

 

2.安装环境所需要的相关安装工具

yum install -y gcc

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel libffi-devel

3.编译并安装python

mkdir /usr/local/python3  #创建python3的安装目录

cd Python-3.7.3/          #进入解压完成的文件夹

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 #执行该命令，生成makefile文档

make&&make install        #编译并安装

4.创建软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3 #执行该命令，如果提示/usr/bin/python3 exists，删除完成继续创建

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3 #提示/usr/bin/pip3 exists，删除完成，继续创建

5.修改python默认的版本的软链

rm /usr/bin/python  # 删除默认的python2的软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python # 新建一个软连接到python3的默认软链

6.查看修改是否成功，显示如下，修改成功

[root@iZ2zebcdfzd654qtpzs0bmZ java]# python
Python 3.7.3 (default, Dec  4 2020, 13:07:19) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

7.修改yum的bin命令配置

vim /usr/bin/yum

vim /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down

把上面的文件的import的python都修改为python2，因为yum是依赖python2的

8.修改pip的软链

 ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip3.7 /usr/local/bin/pip