9.concurrent.util包2个工具类以及重入锁,读写锁

1.常用工具类

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(1)countDownLatch

例子:

public class UseCountDownLatch {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        CountDownLatch countDown = new CountDownLatch(2);
        Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
         try {
             System.out.println("进入线程t1,等待其他线程处理完成...");
             countDown.await();
             System.out.println("t1线程继续执行");
         }catch (InterruptedException e){
             e.printStackTrace();

         }
            }
        }, "t1");

        Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    System.out.println("t2线程初始化操作...");
                   Thread.sleep(3000);
                    System.out.println("t1线程初始化完毕,通知t1线程继续执行...");
                    countDown.countDown();
                }catch (InterruptedException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();

                }
            }
        }, "t2");


        Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    System.out.println("t3线程初始化操作...");
                    Thread.sleep(4000);
                    System.out.println("t3线程初始化完毕,通知t1线程继续执行...");
                    countDown.countDown();
                }catch (InterruptedException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();

                }
            }
        }, "t2");

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
    }

}

运行结果:
进入线程t1,等待其他线程处理完成…
t3线程初始化操作…
t2线程初始化操作…
t1线程初始化完毕,通知t1线程继续执行…
t3线程初始化完毕,通知t1线程继续执行…
t1线程继续执行

CountDownLatch countDown = new CountDownLatch(2);中的2表示conutdown调用几次,
t2,t3线程调用完之后,t1线程才继续执行

2.cyclicBarrier使用

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例子:

public class UseCycliBarrier {

    static class Runner implements Runnable{
        private CyclicBarrier barrier;
        private String name;

        public Runner(CyclicBarrier barrier, String name) {
            this.barrier = barrier;
            this.name = name;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {

             try {
                 Thread.sleep(1000*(new Random().nextInt(5)));
                 System.out.println(name+"准备OK。");
                  barrier.await();
             }catch (Exception e){
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
            System.out.println(name+"GO!!");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        CyclicBarrier ba = new CyclicBarrier(3);
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(ba,"zhangsan")));
        executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(ba,"lisi")));
        executor.submit(new Thread(new Runner(ba,"wangwu")));
        executor.shutdown();

    }

}

运行结果:

lisi准备OK。
wangwu准备OK。
zhangsan准备OK。
zhangsanGO!!
lisiGO!!
wangwuGO!!
三个线程使用同一个CyclicBarrier ,三个线程都执行完了await之后,再同时一起往下执行。
应用场景:如多台机器同一个点开始去计算的时候。
conutdown针对一个线程,CyclicBarrier 针对多个线程

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例子:

public class UseFuture implements Callable<String> {

    private  String para;

    public UseFuture (String para){
        this.para=para;
    }

    /**
     * 这里是真实的业务逻辑,其执行可能很慢
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public String call() throws Exception {
        //模拟执行耗时
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        String result=this.para+"处理完成";
        return result;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String queryStr="query";
//构造FutureTask,并且传入需要真正进行业务逻辑处理的类,该类一定是实现了Callable接口的类
        FutureTask<String> future = new FutureTask<>(new UseFuture(queryStr));
//创建一个固定线程的线程池且线程数为1
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
//这里提交任务future,则开启线程执行RealData的call()方法执行

 //submit和execute的区别:第一点是submit可以传入实现callable接口的实例对象,
 //第二点是submit方法有返回值
        Future f = executor.submit(future);
//会立马返回null
        System.out.println("请求完毕");
        System.out.println(f.get());
/*
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();

        }*/

        /*while (true){
            if(f.get()==null){
            System.out.println("当前任务执行完毕");
            break;
            }
        }*/
        //可以用 FutureTask<String> 的get去获取值
        //如果call方法没有执行完,则依然会进行等待
        System.out.println("数据:"+future.get());

        executor.shutdown();

    }
}

Semaphore又称信号量,是操作系统中的一个概念,在Java并发编程中,信号量控制的是线程并发的数量。
public Semaphore(int permits)
其中参数permits就是允许同时运行的线程数目;

下面先看一个信号量实现单线程的例子,也就是permits=1:

public class Driver {
    // 控制线程的数目为1,也就是单线程
    private Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(1);

    public void driveCar() {
        try {
            // 从信号量中获取一个允许机会
            semaphore.acquire();
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " start at " + System.currentTimeMillis());
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " stop at " + System.currentTimeMillis());
            // 释放允许,将占有的信号量归还
            semaphore.release();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
public class Car extends Thread{
    private Driver driver;

    public Car(Driver driver) {
        super();
        this.driver = driver;
    }

    public void run() {
        driver.driveCar();
    }
}
public class Run {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Driver driver = new Driver();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            (new Car(driver)).start();
        }
    }
}

输出结果:
Thread-0 start at 1546858676423
Thread-0 stop at 1546858677424
Thread-1 start at 1546858677424
Thread-1 stop at 1546858678424
Thread-2 start at 1546858678424
Thread-2 stop at 1546858679424
Thread-3 start at 1546858679424
Thread-3 stop at 1546858680425
Thread-4 start at 1546858680425
Thread-4 stop at 1546858681425

将信号量设为3,线程总数设为10
输出结果:

Thread-1 start at 1546858780808
Thread-2 start at 1546858780808
Thread-0 start at 1546858780808
Thread-2 stop at 1546858781808
Thread-0 stop at 1546858781808
Thread-1 stop at 1546858781808
Thread-4 start at 1546858781808
Thread-3 start at 1546858781808
Thread-6 start at 1546858781808
Thread-6 stop at 1546858782809
Thread-3 stop at 1546858782809
Thread-4 stop at 1546858782809
Thread-8 start at 1546858782809
Thread-5 start at 1546858782809
Thread-7 start at 1546858782809
Thread-8 stop at 1546858783810
Thread-7 stop at 1546858783810
Thread-5 stop at 1546858783810
Thread-9 start at 1546858783810
Thread-9 stop at 1546858784810

从结果上看,发现3个线程同时执行。但第四个线程要等前面有一个完成之后才能执行。

信用量也可以一次获取多个。或者释放多个 如:
semaphore.acquire(3); semaphore.release(3);
参照:https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_36246371/article/details/53872412
例子:

public class UseSemaphore {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //线程池
        ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        //只能5个线程同时访问
       final Semaphore semp = new Semaphore(5);
       //模拟20个客户端访问
        for (int index = 0; index < 20; index++) {
            final int NO =index;
            Runnable run = new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    //获取许可
                    try {
                        semp.acquire();
                        System.out.println("Accessing:"+NO);
                        //模拟实际业务逻辑
                       // Thread.sleep((long) (Math.random()*10000));
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                        //访问完后,释放
                        semp.release();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                }
            };
            exec.execute(run);

        }

        try {
            Thread.sleep(10);
        }catch (InterruptedException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //退出线程池
        exec.shutdown();
    }
}

场景:可以模仿最大可连接数,使性能更好的利用

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ReentrantLock(重入锁)
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在这里插入图片描述
读写锁
在这里插入图片描述

实例:

public class UseCondition {

	private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
	
	public void method1(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入等待状态..");
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "释放锁..");
			condition.await();	// Object wait
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +"继续执行...");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void method2(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入..");
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "发出唤醒..");
			condition.signal();		//Object notify
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		final UseCondition uc = new UseCondition();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				uc.method1();
			}
		}, "t1");
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				uc.method2();
			}
		}, "t2");
		t1.start();

		t2.start();
	}
	
	
	
}


public class UseManyCondition {

	private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	private Condition c1 = lock.newCondition();
	private Condition c2 = lock.newCondition();
	
	public void m1(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入方法m1等待..");
			c1.await();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "方法m1继续..");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void m2(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入方法m2等待..");
			c1.await();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "方法m2继续..");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void m3(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入方法m3等待..");
			c2.await();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "方法m3继续..");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void m4(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "唤醒..");
			c1.signalAll();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void m5(){
		try {
			lock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" +Thread.currentThread().getName() + "唤醒..");
			c2.signal();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		
		final UseManyCondition umc = new UseManyCondition();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m1();
			}
		},"t1");
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m2();
			}
		},"t2");
		Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m3();
			}
		},"t3");
		Thread t4 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m4();
			}
		},"t4");
		Thread t5 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				umc.m5();
			}
		},"t5");
		
		t1.start();	// c1
		t2.start();	// c1
		t3.start();	// c2
		

		try {
			Thread.sleep(2000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		t4.start();	// c1
		try {
			Thread.sleep(2000);
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		t5.start();	// c2
		
	}
	
	
	
}

















//读写锁
public class UseReentrantReadWriteLock {

	private ReentrantReadWriteLock rwLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
	private ReadLock readLock = rwLock.readLock();
	private WriteLock writeLock = rwLock.writeLock();
	
	public void read(){
		try {
			readLock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入...");
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出...");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			readLock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public void write(){
		try {
			writeLock.lock();
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入...");
			Thread.sleep(3000);
			System.out.println("当前线程:" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出...");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			writeLock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		final UseReentrantReadWriteLock urrw = new UseReentrantReadWriteLock();
		
		Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				urrw.read();
			}
		}, "t1");
		Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				urrw.read();
			}
		}, "t2");
		Thread t3 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				urrw.write();
			}
		}, "t3");
		Thread t4 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
			@Override
			public void run() {
				urrw.write();
			}
		}, "t4");		
		
//		t1.start();
//		t2.start();
		
//		t1.start(); // R 
//		t3.start(); // W
		
		t3.start();
		t4.start();
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	}
}

因为时间问题,后面的请自行百度

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