Java基础（九）：线程池中 submit()和 execute()方法区别

区别：

• submit(Callable<T> task)、submit(Runnable task, T result)、submit(Runnable task)归属于ExecutorService接口。
• execute(Runnable command)归属于Executor接口。ExecutorService继承了Executor。

 

• submit()有返回值。
• execute没有返回值。

public class ThreadPoolTest {
    private String taskName;

    public ThreadPoolTest(String taskName) {
        this.taskName = taskName;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        executorService.execute(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("execute任务执行中");
            }
        });
        System.out.println("----分界线----");
        Future<String> future = executorService.submit(() -> {
            System.out.println("submit任务执行中");
            return "submit任务完成,这是执行结果";
        });
        try {
            //如果future.get()返回null，任务完成
            System.out.println(future.get());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("任务失败原因：" + e.getCause().getMessage());
        }
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}

//输出：
----分界线----
execute任务执行中
submit任务执行中
submit任务完成,这是执行结果

• submit()方便做异常处理。通过Future.get()可捕获异常。

public class ThreadPoolTest implements Runnable {
    private String taskName;

    public ThreadPoolTest(String taskName) {
        this.taskName = taskName;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        throw new RuntimeException("此处" + this.taskName + "抛出异常。");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        executorService.execute(new ThreadPoolTest("task1"));
        System.out.println("----分界线----");
        Future<?> future = executorService.submit(new ThreadPoolTest("task2"));
        try {
            future.get();//如果future.get()返回null，任务完成
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("任务失败原因：" + e.getCause().getMessage());
        }
        executorService.shutdown();
    }
}