SpringCloud+docker+K8S+KubeSphere+DevOps+Service-Mesh部署，保证成功，超级详细（上）

置顶 Java杨永杰

已于 2024-01-26 17:27:53 修改

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分类专栏： K8S+Docker 文章标签： spring cloud docker kubernetes

于 2024-01-24 17:23:32 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_31536117/article/details/135816517

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2、安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl

一、环境准备

虚拟机：centos 7以上 3台

网盘地址：

阿里云盘分享

下载 VMvare 和 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009.iso（包括注册码）

1、安装 VMvare

更改文件安装位置

去掉自动更新

一直点下一步，点击安装

点击许可证

输入刚才下载的txt，文件名就是证书

点击输入即可完成。

2、安装 Centos

目标三台

三台是2cpu 4G （至少，越大越好）

打开 VMvare

新建虚拟机

下一步

稍后安装虚拟机

选择centos 7 64位

设置路径

选择磁盘大小

注意：建议第一台master 是50G，如果电脑很强，可以扩大

点击下一步完成

编辑虚拟机

内存至少2G，取决你的电脑

处理器最少2CPU ,取决你的电脑

配置iso

点击浏览，选择刚才下载的centos 7 ios 文件

网络选择桥接

注意，当然你也可以选择NAT固定模式，固定IP，具体自行百度

然后点击完成确定

点击开启虚拟机

按住crtl+G，上下键，选择第一个，切记

配置参数，一般配置中文，如果你是英文大佬，可以弄英文

选择安装位置

越大越好，看你电脑配置。。。。至少得20G。。。

配置网络

记住，一定要修改主机名，因为K8S必须不同的主机名

点击左上角，完成，然后开始安装

配置密码

然后等待。。。一般几分钟就可以了。。

点击重启，安装成功。。。

同样的方法，继续装两台虚拟机，

保证一台名字是k8s-node1 ，另一台是k8s-node2

配置至少是2核4G

二、安装docker

用xshell 等工具连接上虚拟机

1、安装前置环境

（三台机器都安装）

yum install -y yum-utils
yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

2、安装docker

三台机器都安装

yum install -y docker-ce-20.10.7 docker-ce-cli-20.10.7  containerd.io-1.4.6

注意：必须是上面版本，如果你对K8S熟悉，可以换版本，docker 和K8S版本必须对应

3、启动

三台机器都安装

systemctl enable docker --now

4、配置加速

三台机器都安装

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://82m9ar63.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

到此安装成功

可以用docker info 查询是否安装成功

三、安装K8S

1、基础环境

别问，问就是K8S让这样的，哈哈

# 将 SELinux 设置为 permissive 模式（相当于将其禁用）
sudo setenforce 0
sudo sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/config

#关闭swap
swapoff -a  
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab

三台机器都执行哈

#允许 iptables 检查桥接流量
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
br_netfilter
EOF

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF

最后执行

sysctl --system

2、安装kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl

执行，就是源，没别的意思

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
   http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
exclude=kubelet kubeadm kubectl
EOF

执行

yum install -y kubelet-1.20.9 kubeadm-1.20.9 kubectl-1.20.9 --disableexcludes=kubernetes

大概需要一分钟左右，如果你服务器厉害，那估计很快

执行

systemctl enable --now kubelet

3、使用kubeadm引导集群

每个机器都执行

sudo tee ./images.sh <<-'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
images=(
kube-apiserver:v1.20.9
kube-proxy:v1.20.9
kube-controller-manager:v1.20.9
kube-scheduler:v1.20.9
coredns:1.7.0
etcd:3.4.13-0
pause:3.2
)
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images/$imageName
done
EOF

然后执行

chmod +x ./images.sh && ./images.sh

大概执行几分钟，如果你服务器厉害，不多说，肯定很快

4、初始化主节点

所有机器执行

echo "192.168.200.52  cluster-endpoint" >> /etc/hosts

注意：192.168.200.52换成你master节点的IP，然后三台都执行，不要变IP

下面是住节点初始化

kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.200.52 \
--control-plane-endpoint=cluster-endpoint \
--image-repository registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lfy_k8s_images \
--kubernetes-version v1.20.9 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=172.16.0.0/16

大概持续几分钟，看你服务器配置时间不固定

执行成功后的截图

注意：注意：注意：

把上面的复制到一个地方，有用

主节点执行上面的红框

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

主节点执行安装网络组件

curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.20/manifests/calico.yaml -O

kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

5、初始化node节点

下面的语句在两个node 执行哈

执行刚才文本的


kubeadm join cluster-endpoint:6443 --token tkxilq.8d334xtxj8o5k0g3 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e292486ccfb11722984c82585b79fdf70d816c8ff16664385f0842ff0959c6b7

如果执行失败，关闭防火墙，执行自己的啊，token 不一样的

然后验证

kubectl get nodes

6、部署dashboard

主节点执行

新增一个文件叫 dashboard.yaml,把下面的复制进去

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.3.1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
      annotations:
        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.6
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

然后执行

kubectl apply -f dashboard.yaml

设置端口

kubectl edit svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard

type: ClusterIP 改为 type: NodePort

找到端口

kubectl get svc -A |grep kubernetes-dashboard

新增一个dash.yaml输入下面内容（创建账号用的哈哈）

#创建访问账号，准备一个yaml文件； vi dash.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-user
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

然后执行

kubectl apply -f dash.yaml

然后上面端口好31780找到在浏览器输入https:// 192.168.200.52:31780

没token，那就执行

kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get sa/admin-user -o jsonpath="{.secrets[0].name}") -o go-template="{{.data.token | base64decode}}"