2021 新标准大学英语综合教程3 第二版答案 Unit5 西电研究生B类综合英语

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本文提供了一篇关于在纽约著名餐厅Joanne’s发生的种族歧视故事的阅读理解练习。故事讲述了一个年轻非裔美国律师受到不当对待的经历，以及一位知名政客的到来如何揭示并加剧了这一情况。文章通过提问形式帮助读者深入理解文本内容。

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Active Reading

Answer the questions.

【不计入】

1. The story is set in Joanne’s, a famous restaurant in New York, on Christmas Eve.

2. Josh is a smart, hard-working lawyer in his early thirties. He is African-American.

3. He has an appointment at Joanne’s.

4. Jo Rogers is a senior Senator in Washington and a well-known person in America.

5. He greets Josh very unpleasantly. He has a disdainful, superior attitude towards Josh and behaves rudely.

6. At the back of the restaurant, close to the bathroom, near a half-opened window through which an icy breeze is blowing.

7. Everybody becomes silent and turns to look at her and greets her with silent applause.

8. He suggests that they sit at a better table in the middle of the restaurant, from where she can see everybody, or everybody can see her.

9. No – she says the waiter brought her friend to that table, so they will stay there.

Choose the best summary of the passage.

When a young black man arrives in a crowded and expensive restaurant, the head waiter makes him sit in the least comfortable place, even though a table has been booked for him and a “Ms Rogers”. When Ms Rogers arrives, the waiter realizes that she is a well-known politician; and Ms Rogers realizes that her friend has been treated badly because of the colour of his skin. The waiter realizes his mistake too, and tries to make up for it, but it is too late.

Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words given in the table..

【计入】

1.progressive

2.intense

3.donations

4.recruits

5.competent

6.intimidated

7.sophisticated

8.democratic

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions given in the table.

【计入】

1 stepped out

2 were heaving with

3 in charge of

4 track down

5 think on his feet

6 knew inside out

7 in the running

8 refrained from

Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words given in the table. You may need to make other changes.

【计入】

1 agreeable

2 laughable

3 corruption

4 curl

5 doubtful

6 shrugged

7 impatient

8 applause

Choose the right expressions to complete the sentences.

ABAABAAA

Language in use

Look at the sentence from the passage “Dinner at Joanne’s” and answer the questions

【不计入】

1. She was in favour of the possibility of having an abortion.

2. She was against the death penalty.

3. These words are formed using the prefixes pro- and anti-.

4. They indicate a person’s political and social ideas.

Form new words according to the following descriptions.

anti-racist

pro-devolutionist

anti-interventionist

anti-environmentalist

pro-market economist

pro-governmentalist

Look at the example and rewrite the sentences using not just to … but to .

【不计入】

1. I needed to see him not just to tell him about the new contract, but to check whether he was still interested in working with us.

2. People went to Joanne’s not just to see who their fellow diners were, but to be seen themselves.

3. Matthew decided to climb Mount Kilimanjaro not just to face this personal challenge, but to raise money for a children’s charity.

4. I agreed to go to Egypt not just to see an old friend, but to take a much-needed break from the northern winter.

5. Florence left home not just to find a job in this area, but to escape from family life, which she was beginning to find oppressive.

prep. + which / whom

1.to which

2.of which

3.with whom

4.by which

5.in which

6.to whom

Unpacking complex sentences

1. No, in fact, the food was often maligned.

2. He knew it by reputation, ie he had heard or read good comments about it.

3. The orchestra had a guest slot for a well-known movie director who played trumpet.

4. They were celebrities, eg politicians, diplomats, movie actors, hall-of-fame athletes, journalists, writers, rock stars, Nobel Prize winners etc.

5. It refers to anyone who is famous or who has star quality.

Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.

【不计入】

1. (a) I feel like screaming or crying with pain.

(b) Difficult or hard work on which I need to focus all my attention.

2. (a) Yes, I can do it.

(b) It’s good enough but not especially good.

3. (a) I throw it away because it is not the part to eat, but it has the most important part for the apple tree — the pips or apple seeds.

(b) A limited number of basic and frequent words.

翻译

美国梦是美国民族精神的体现。简而言之，其观念就是美国是一个充满机会的地方；在那里，只要肯努力奋斗，就能获得富裕、成功。这种对改善社会地位和经济状况的信仰，即美国人可以从卑微的穷人变为富人的信仰，一直被称为“国民宗教”。在经济状况和社会地位上获得巨大提升的著名案例包括本杰明•富兰克林和亨利•福特。其他从父辈到子辈就实现从美国下层社会跻身上流社会的最为人津津乐道的例子是亚伯拉罕•林肯和比尔•克林顿。他们虽然出身于工人阶级家庭，却在成年之后当上了高官。民意测验表明，现在美国人的这个信念比以往任何时候都强，比其他任何发达国家的都强。但是，近年来，几项大型的研究发现，与同类国家相比，美国的垂直代际社会流动性降低。2013年，布鲁金斯学会的一项研究发现，收入的不平等正变得更加固定，从而大大降低了社会流动性。2014年发布的一项大型学术研究的结果发现在过去的20年里，收入的流动性没有发生显著的变化。

翻译

Women are an important part of the labour force. But gender discrimination in the job market still exists, and serves as a counterforce to the building of a harmonious society. As far as employees are concerned, jobs that do not suit their talents will not only give rise to a waste of the investment in human capital, but also cause them to lose faith in social justice. As for employers, gender discrimination will not only disrupt the process of selecting talent,and thus waste talent, but will also harm the perception of a properly functioning market. On the level of society, gender discrimination will set an obstacle to the proper distribution of human resources, and damage a fair environment in the job market.