本地搭建以太坊私有节点网络

背景介绍

以太坊开发必须需要节点，虽然已经拥有了测试网的节点，但是我们还是最好搭建一个我们自己的本地节点，对于底层开发就更需要节点了，所以我们最好还是搭建本地节点。

环境需求

• VMWare软件
• ubuntu虚拟机
• git
• go

节点配置文件

以太坊私有链启动必须需要创世块文件配置，这个创世块配置文件是一个json文件。以下是一个创世块配置文件模板：

{
    "config": {
      "chainId": 1337,
      "homesteadBlock": 0,
      "eip150Block": 0,
      "eip150Hash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
      "eip155Block": 0,
      "eip158Block": 0,
      "byzantiumBlock": 0,
      "constantinopleBlock": 0,
      "petersburgBlock": 0,
      "istanbulBlock": 0,
      "ethash": {}
    },
    "nonce": "0x0",
    "timestamp": "0x5ddf8f3e",
    "extraData": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "gasLimit": "0x47b760",
    "difficulty": "0x00002",
    "mixHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "alloc": {
      "0x0192a05d8B681fB99AC07e0D58C69DCAf99df0ea":{
        "balance":"0xffffffffffffffff"
      }
     },
    "number": "0x0",
    "gasUsed": "0x0",
    "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
}  

• 配置文件几个关键点说明

参数	说明
coinbase	矿工地址
alloc	用于预设创世账户及其拥有的以太币数量，此处也可以预设合约账户

编译geth可执行文件

$git clone git@github.com:ethereum/go-ethereum.git
$cd ethereum
$git checkout v1.10.o
$make geth
$sudo mv ./build/bin/geth /usr/local/bin

编写管理本地私有节点脚本

#!/bin/bash

MinerAddress='0x1140dC752FF55453086564557c839cd5BBa3178C'

function print() {
  echo "Usage: "
  echo "  run.sh <mode>"
  echo "    <mode> - one of 'init', 'start', 'console', 'stop'"
  echo "      - 'init' - init genesis block"
  echo "      - 'start' - start ethereum nede"
  echo "      - 'console' - enter console"
  echo "      - 'stop' - stop ethereum node"
}

MODE=$1
if [ "${MODE}" == "init" ]; then
    cd deploy
    geth --datadir ./data init genesis.json
elif [ "${MODE}" == "start" ]; then
    nohup geth --rpc --rpcapi "eth,web3,net,ssh,db,debug,personal,miner" \
    --rpcaddr 192.168.235.128 --rpcport 8545 --allow-insecure-unlock --rpccorsdomain "*" \
    --dev --dev.period 1 --datadir ./data --port 30303 \
    --password password --networkid 100000 \
    --miner.etherbase $MinerAddress --mine \
    --miner.threads=1 2>&1 &
    echo
elif [ "${MODE}" == "console" ]; then
    geth attach http://192.168.235.128:8545
elif [ "${MODE}" == "stop" ]; then
    GETHPID=`ps -ef | grep geth | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'`
    kill -9 $GETHPID
    rm -rf nohup.out
else
    print
    exit 1
fi

• MinerAddress是挖矿地址
• 脚本文件中的ip地址是虚拟机的ip，为了能够让本地Windows浏览器里的MetaMask钱包能够连上区块链节点

节点管理

初始化创世区块

./run.sh init

启动节点

./run.sh start

进入控制台

./run.sh console

关闭节点

./run.sh stop

源码仓库

1、https://github.com/billchen-818/eth-dev