Servlet 实现文件下载功能

将文件放置到resources目录下

编写自己的HttpServlet类

package org.example;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.获取要下载的文件的绝对路径
        //在resources目录放入search.jpg，注意项目导出后resources中的文件被打包到/WEB-INF/classes下
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/search.jpg");
        //或者直接写绝对路径
//        String path = "E:\Language\JavaWeb\Learn\Learn1\target\classes\search.jpg";
        //2.获取要下载的文件名
        String fileName = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
        //3.设置content-disposition响应头控制浏览器以下载的形式打开文件
        //为避免乱码filename为utf-8编码
        response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
        //4.获取要下载的文件输入流
        InputStream in=new FileInputStream(path);
        int len=0;
        //5.创建数据缓冲区
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        //6.通过response对象获取OutputStream流
        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
        //7.将FileInputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区
        while((len=in.read(buffer))>0){
            out.write(buffer, 0, len);
        }
        in.close();
        out.close();
    }


    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

配置web.xml

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>downloadServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.example.DownloadServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>downloadServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/download</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>