Error: Failed to download metadata for repo ‘appstream‘: Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist

用 Docker 创建 Centos8 容器后，打算安装net-tools工具
执行yum -y install net-tools提示错误：

[root@71165717f07b /]# yum install net-tool
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream                                                                                  88  B/s |  38  B     00:00
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist: No URLs in mirrorlist

解决：

1. 先ping一下百度确认服务器网络没问题：

   [root@71165717f07b /]# ping baidu.com
   PING baidu.com (39.156.66.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=1 ttl=47 time=42.10 ms
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=2 ttl=47 time=42.10 ms
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=3 ttl=47 time=43.1 ms
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=4 ttl=47 time=43.1 ms
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=5 ttl=47 time=43.7 ms
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=6 ttl=47 time=46.9 ms
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=7 ttl=47 time=43.1 ms
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=8 ttl=47 time=51.7 ms
   64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=9 ttl=47 time=43.9 ms
   ^C
   --- baidu.com ping statistics ---
   9 packets transmitted, 9 received, 0% packet loss, time 8011ms
   rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 42.950/44.598/51.686/2.777 ms
   

2. 如果网络没问题，那就是yum源的问题，更换一下：
   Ⅰ 进入到 yum 的仓库目录

   cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
   

   Ⅱ 注释所有CentOS-开头文件中的所有mirrorlist开头的行

   sed -i 's|mirrorlist|#mirrorlist|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
   

   Ⅲ 修改所有CentOS-开头文件中的 yum 源为http://vault.centos.org

   sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org|baseurl=http://vault.centos.org|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
   

   Ⅳ 生成新缓存

   yum makecache
   

   Ⅴ 更新 yum 列表

   yum update -y
   

3. 重新安装需要的软件
   yum -y install net-tools

2020 年 12 月 8 号，CentOS 官方宣布了停止维护 CentOS Linux 的计划，并推出了 CentOS Stream 项目，即 CentOS Linux 8，但是 CentOS Linux 8 也于2021 年 12 月 31 日停止更新并停止维护，如果需要更新或下载东西，需要将镜像从 mirror.centos.org 更改为 vault.centos.org