Android AIDL使用callback机制实现跨进程回调：Server回调Client

一、AIDL接口定义
1、Server端aidl主接口（用于存放供给client端调用的方法）

interface ISetupMenuConfig {
   
	 void registerSetupNotification(in IDataChangeListener listener);

     void unRegisterSetupNotification(in IDataChangeListener listener);

}

2、Server端aidl回调接口（用于存放要回调client端的方法）

interface IDataChangeListener {
        void onChange(String nodeData);
}

二、建立服务端
要实现回调，需要新建RemoteCallbackList对象(一个存储回调对象的列表)，通过类似发送广播的形式来实现回调

//通过import调用aidl接口
import com.xxx.xx.xxxx.xxxxx.ISetupMenuConfig;
import com.xxx.xx.xxxx.xxxxx.IDataChangeListener;

public class SetupMenuService extends Service {

    private static final String TAG = "SetupMenuService";
	public Context mContext;
	private static RemoteCallbackList<IDataChangeListener> mRemoteCallbackList = null;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        mContext = this;
    }
    
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    	mRemoteCallbackList = new RemoteCallbackList<IDataChangeListener>();
        return mBinder;
    }
    private final ISetupMenuConfig.Stub mBinder = new ISetupMenuConfig.Stub() {

        @Override
        public void registerSetupNotification(IDataChangeListener listener) throws RemoteException  {
        	Log.i(TAG, "registerSetupNotification != null");
        	if(listener != null){
        		mRemoteCallbackList.register(listener);
			}
        }

        @Override
        public void unRegisterSetupNotification(IDataChangeListener listener) throws RemoteException  {
			if(listener != null){
				mRemoteCallbackList.unregister(listener);
			}
        }
    };

	public static void callback2Client(String nodeData) {
		if (mRemoteCallbackList == null || mRemoteCallbackList.getRegisteredCallbackCount() <= 0) {return;}
		synchronized (mRemoteCallbackList) {
			//开始回调
			mRemoteCallbackList.beginBroadcast(); 
			int N = mRemoteCallbackList.getRegisteredCallbackCount();
			Log.i(TAG,"callback2Client N ==" + N);
			for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
				try {
					if (mRemoteCallbackList.getBroadcastItem(i) == null) {
						continue;
					}
					Log.i(TAG,"callback2Client nodeData ==" + nodeData);
					//get出来以后调用dataCalback到客户端去
					mRemoteCallbackList.getBroadcastItem(i).onChange(nodeData); 
				} catch (DeadObjectException e) {
					if (mRemoteCallbackList.getBroadcastItem(i) != null)
						mRemoteCallbackList.unregister(mRemoteCallbackList.getBroadcastItem(i));
				} catch (RemoteException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}				 
			}
			//结束回调
			mRemoteCallbackList.finishBroadcast(); 
		}
	}

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
    }
}

三、建立客户端
使用aidl，实现回调方法

public class MainActivity extends Activity {   
  
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";  
  
	@Override   
	public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {   
    super.onCreate(icicle);   
    setContentView(R.layout.main_activity);    
      
    Bundle args = new Bundle();  
	Intent intent = new Intent("com.xxx.xxxx.ISetupMenuService");  
	intent.putExtras(args);  
	startService(intent);   
    }  
      
    ISetupMenuConfig mService;   
      
    private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {   
          
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {  
            mService = ISetupMenuConfig.Stub.asInterface(service);   
            try {   
                mService.registerCallback(mCallback);  
            } catch (RemoteException e) {  
                  
            }  
        }  
          
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {   
            mService = null;  
        }   
    };   
    
	//供Server回调
    private IDataChangeListener mCallback = new IDataChangeListener.Stub() {  
          
        public void onChange(String nodeData) {   
            printf("callback nodeData= " + nodeData);  
        }   
    };   
  
}   

总结下IPC的调用步骤:

1. 声明一个接口类型的变量，该接口类型在.aidl文件中定义。
2. 实现ServiceConnection。
3. 调用bindService(),并在ServiceConnection实现中进行传递.在ServiceConnection.onServiceConnected()实现中，会接收一个IBinder实例(被调用的Service). 调用 xxxxx.Stub.asInterface((IBinder)service)将参数转换为xxxxxx类型。
4. 调用接口中定义的方法。
5. 断开连接，调用unbindService()