Eureka获取注册信息

本文来说下Eureka获取注册信息


Eureka-Client获取信息

启动获取

在客户端应用启动时,初始化DiscoverClient的时候,会主动去获取一次注册信息

  @Inject
  DiscoveryClient(ApplicationInfoManager applicationInfoManager, EurekaClientConfig config, AbstractDiscoveryClientOptionalArgs args,
                  Provider<BackupRegistry> backupRegistryProvider) {
      // ...省略N多代码
      // 如果fetch-registry = true , 则去Eureka Server拉取注册信息
      if (clientConfig.shouldFetchRegistry() && !fetchRegistry(false)) {
           // 如果所有的Eureka Server都不可用,那么从备用的服务里面去取数据
              fetchRegistryFromBackup();
      }
      // ...省略N多代码
      // 设置定时器
     initScheduledTasks();
}

shouldFetchRegistry : 默认true

fetchRegistry : 获取注册信息,此处传入的是false, 表面上看是不需要全量获取,但是应用第一次启动的时候,本地缓存为空,所以还是会全量获取的。

PS: 启动时获取注册信息为全量。


定时器获取

private void initScheduledTasks() {

      if (clientConfig.shouldFetchRegistry()) {
          // registry cache refresh timer
          int registryFetchIntervalSeconds = clientConfig.getRegistryFetchIntervalSeconds();
          int expBackOffBound = clientConfig.getCacheRefreshExecutorExponentialBackOffBound();
          scheduler.schedule(
                  new TimedSupervisorTask(
                          "cacheRefresh",
                          scheduler,
                          cacheRefreshExecutor,
                          registryFetchIntervalSeconds,
                          TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                          expBackOffBound,
                          new CacheRefreshThread()
                 ),
                  registryFetchIntervalSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
     }
     // ...省略N多代码
}

registryFetchIntervalSeconds : 默认值为30秒 ,每30秒刷新一次、定时器初始化,直接看CacheRefreshThread()

class CacheRefreshThread implements Runnable {

      public void run() {
          // 刷新注册信息
          refreshRegistry();
      }
  }
  
  void refreshRegistry() {
      try {
          boolean isFetchingRemoteRegionRegistries = isFetchingRemoteRegionRegistries();
 
         boolean remoteRegionsModified = false;

          // 判断是否需要全量获取 , remoteRegionsModified  这个值来决定
          String latestRemoteRegions = clientConfig.fetchRegistryForRemoteRegions();
          if (null != latestRemoteRegions) {
             String currentRemoteRegions = remoteRegionsToFetch.get();
              if (!latestRemoteRegions.equals(currentRemoteRegions)) {
                  // Both remoteRegionsToFetch and AzToRegionMapper.regionsToFetch need to be in sync
                  synchronized (instanceRegionChecker.getAzToRegionMapper()) {
                     if (remoteRegionsToFetch.compareAndSet(currentRemoteRegions, latestRemoteRegions)) {
                        String[] remoteRegions = latestRemoteRegions.split(",");
                          remoteRegionsRef.set(remoteRegions);
                          instanceRegionChecker.getAzToRegionMapper().setRegionsToFetch(remoteRegions);
                          remoteRegionsModified = true;
                      } else {
                         logger.info("Remote regions to fetch modified concurrently," +
                                 " ignoring change from {} to {}", currentRemoteRegions, latestRemoteRegions);
                     }
                 }
             } else {
                  // Just refresh mapping to reflect any DNS/Property change
                  instanceRegionChecker.getAzToRegionMapper().refreshMapping();
             }
         }
          // 获取注册信息
          boolean success = fetchRegistry(remoteRegionsModified);
          if (success) {
              registrySize = localRegionApps.get().size();
              lastSuccessfulRegistryFetchTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
         }
         // 日志输出 , 省略。。

      } catch (Throwable e) {
         logger.error("Cannot fetch registry from server", e);
    }        
}

由上可以看到,系统在启动的时候,初始化了一个定时器,每30秒一次,用来刷新本地缓存信息。


获取注册信息

private boolean fetchRegistry(boolean forceFullRegistryFetch) {

     Stopwatch tracer = FETCH_REGISTRY_TIMER.start();
 
     try {
          // 获取本地的缓存信息 , 也就是客户端注册信息
          Applications applications = getApplications();
  
          // 判断是否需要全量获取
          if (clientConfig.shouldDisableDelta()
                  || (!Strings.isNullOrEmpty(clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress()))
                  || forceFullRegistryFetch
                  || (applications == null)
                  || (applications.getRegisteredApplications().size() == 0)
                  || (applications.getVersion() == -1)) //Client application does not have latest library supporting delta
         {
              logger.info("Disable delta property : {}", clientConfig.shouldDisableDelta());
              logger.info("Single vip registry refresh property : {}", clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress());
              logger.info("Force full registry fetch : {}", forceFullRegistryFetch);
              logger.info("Application is null : {}", (applications == null));
              logger.info("Registered Applications size is zero : {}",
                     (applications.getRegisteredApplications().size() == 0));
              logger.info("Application version is -1: {}", (applications.getVersion() == -1));
              getAndStoreFullRegistry();
         } else {
              // 增量获取
              getAndUpdateDelta(applications);
         }
          applications.setAppsHashCode(applications.getReconcileHashCode());
          logTotalInstances();
      } catch (Throwable e) {
          logger.error(PREFIX + appPathIdentifier + " - was unable to refresh its cache! status = " + e.getMessage(), e);
          return false;
     } finally {
         if (tracer != null) {
             tracer.stop();
         }
     }

      // 发布缓存刷新事件。
     onCacheRefreshed();

      // 更新本地应用的状态
     updateInstanceRemoteStatus();

      // registry was fetched successfully, so return true
     return true;
}

clientConfig.shouldDisableDelta() : 是否禁用增量获取, 默认为false , 如果禁用了的话,那就只能是全量获取了,总要获取一下不是。

clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress() : 当这个属性不为空的时候,则全量获取。具体作用不是很清楚(苦笑)
forceFullRegistryFetch : 传入的参数,表示是否需要全量获取。

applications : 本地注册信息的缓存,如果本地缓存为空,或者里面的版本号为-1,那么就需要全量获取,表示首次加载时。
onCacheRefreshed() : 发布缓存刷新的事件,用户可以自定义是否监听这个事件,比如需要将注册信息的变化落库。


全量获取

private void getAndStoreFullRegistry() throws Throwable {

      long currentUpdateGeneration = fetchRegistryGeneration.get();

      logger.info("Getting all instance registry info from the eureka server");
  
      Applications apps = null;
      // 发送HTTP请求,去服务端获取注册信息
      EurekaHttpResponse<Applications> httpResponse = clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress() == null
              ? eurekaTransport.queryClient.getApplications(remoteRegionsRef.get())
             : eurekaTransport.queryClient.getVip(clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress(), remoteRegionsRef.get());
     if (httpResponse.getStatusCode() == Status.OK.getStatusCode()) {
         apps = httpResponse.getEntity();
     }
     logger.info("The response status is {}", httpResponse.getStatusCode());

     if (apps == null) {
         logger.error("The application is null for some reason. Not storing this information");
     } else if (fetchRegistryGeneration.compareAndSet(currentUpdateGeneration, currentUpdateGeneration + 1)) {
          // 设置到本地缓存里面去
          localRegionApps.set(this.filterAndShuffle(apps));
          logger.debug("Got full registry with apps hashcode {}", apps.getAppsHashCode());
     } else {
         logger.warn("Not updating applications as another thread is updating it already");
     }
}

在发送HTTP请求去服务端获取注册信息之前,做了一个判断, 判断registryRefreshSingleVipAddress是否为空, 这个字段表示的意思是 “此客户端只对一个单一的VIP注册表的信息感兴趣”,默认为null , 也就是说如果客户端只对其中一个VIP 感兴趣。那么就只获取这一个, 否则全部获取this.filterAndShuffle(apps) : 是否需要过滤客户端信息的状态,如果设置了eureka.shouldFilterOnlyUpInstances = true 这个属性的话,

客户端获取到注册信息之后,会剔除非UP状态的客户端信息。localRegionApps.set(this.filterAndShuffle(apps)) : 将注册信息设置到本地内存里面去,使用AtomicReference类型做存储、

private final AtomicReference<Applications> localRegionApps = new AtomicReference<Applications>();

增量获取

private void getAndUpdateDelta(Applications applications) throws Throwable {
      long currentUpdateGeneration = fetchRegistryGeneration.get();
  
      Applications delta = null;
      // 增量获取信息
      EurekaHttpResponse<Applications> httpResponse = eurekaTransport.queryClient.getDelta(remoteRegionsRef.get());
      if (httpResponse.getStatusCode() == Status.OK.getStatusCode()) {
          delta = httpResponse.getEntity();
      }

     if (delta == null) {
          // 增量获取为空,则全量返回
         logger.warn("The server does not allow the delta revision to be applied because it is not safe. "
                 + "Hence got the full registry.");
         getAndStoreFullRegistry();
     } else if (fetchRegistryGeneration.compareAndSet(currentUpdateGeneration, currentUpdateGeneration + 1)) {
          logger.debug("Got delta update with apps hashcode {}", delta.getAppsHashCode());
          String reconcileHashCode = "";
          //这里设置原子锁的原因是怕某次调度网络请求时间过长,导致同一时间有多线程拉取到增量信息并发修改
          if (fetchRegistryUpdateLock.tryLock()) {
              try {
                  // 将获取到的增量信息和本地缓存信息合并。 
                  updateDelta(delta);
                  reconcileHashCode = getReconcileHashCode(applications);
              } finally {
                  // 释放锁
                 fetchRegistryUpdateLock.unlock();
             }
         } else {
             logger.warn("Cannot acquire update lock, aborting getAndUpdateDelta");
         }
          // ( HashCode 不一致|| 打印增量和全量的差异 )= true 重新去全量获取
          if (!reconcileHashCode.equals(delta.getAppsHashCode()) || clientConfig.shouldLogDeltaDiff()) {
              reconcileAndLogDifference(delta, reconcileHashCode);  // this makes a remoteCall
         }
     } else {
         logger.warn("Not updating application delta as another thread is updating it already");
         logger.debug("Ignoring delta update with apps hashcode {}, as another thread is updating it already", delta.getAppsHashCode());
    }
}

步骤说明:

  1. 发起http请求,将服务端的客户端变化的信息拉取过来,如: register, cancle, modify 有过这些操作的数据
  2. 上锁,防止某次调度网络请求时间过长,导致同一时间有多线程拉取到增量信息并发修改
  3. 将请求过来的增量数据和本地的数据做合并
  4. 计算hashCode
  5. 如果hashCode不一致,或者clientConfig.shouldLogDeltaDiff() = true 的话,则又会去服务端发起一次全量获取

合并数据

private void updateDelta(Applications delta) {

      int deltaCount = 0;
      // 循环拉取过来的应用列表
      for (Application app : delta.getRegisteredApplications()) {
          // 循环这个应用里面的实例(有多个实例代表是集群的。)
          for (InstanceInfo instance : app.getInstances()) {
              // 获取本地的注册应用列表
              Applications applications = getApplications();
              String instanceRegion = instanceRegionChecker.getInstanceRegion(instance);
              if (!instanceRegionChecker.isLocalRegion(instanceRegion)) {
                  Applications remoteApps = remoteRegionVsApps.get(instanceRegion);
                  if (null == remoteApps) {
                      remoteApps = new Applications();
                      remoteRegionVsApps.put(instanceRegion, remoteApps);
                  }
                  applications = remoteApps;
             }
 
               ++deltaCount;
               if (ActionType.ADDED.equals(instance.getActionType())) {// 添加事件
                   //根据AppName 获取本地的数据,看这个应用是否存在
                   Application existingApp = applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName());
                  if (existingApp == null) {
                      // 不存在,则加到本地的应用里面去
                      applications.addApplication(app);
                  }
                  logger.debug("Added instance {} to the existing apps in region {}", instance.getId(), instanceRegion);
                  // 为本地这个应用添加这个实例
                  applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName()).addInstance(instance);
              } else if (ActionType.MODIFIED.equals(instance.getActionType())) { // 修改事件
                  //根据AppName 获取本地的数据,看这个应用是否存在
                  Application existingApp = applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName());
                  if (existingApp == null) {
                      // 不存在,则加到本地的应用里面去
                      applications.addApplication(app);
                  }
                  logger.debug("Modified instance {} to the existing apps ", instance.getId());
                  // 为本地这个应用添加这个实例
                 applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName()).addInstance(instance);

              } else if (ActionType.DELETED.equals(instance.getActionType())) {  // 删除事件
                  Application existingApp = applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName());
                  if (existingApp == null) {
                     applications.addApplication(app);
                }
                  logger.debug("Deleted instance {} to the existing apps ", instance.getId());
                  // 移除这个实例
                  applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName()).removeInstance(instance);
             }
        }
    }
     logger.debug("The total number of instances fetched by the delta processor : {}", deltaCount);

      getApplications().setVersion(delta.getVersion()); 
      getApplications().shuffleInstances(clientConfig.shouldFilterOnlyUpInstances());

     for (Applications applications : remoteRegionVsApps.values()) {
          applications.setVersion(delta.getVersion());
          applications.shuffleInstances(clientConfig.shouldFilterOnlyUpInstances());
     }
}

步骤说明:

  • 从服务端获取了最近这段时间,新注册新来的客户端信息,有过修改的,被删除的, 这三大类的实例信息
  • 然后通过覆盖本地的数据,移除数据,来达到数据合并的需求。

Eureka-Server接收请求

控制器接收请求

控制器接收请求

com.netflix.eureka.resources.ApplicationsResource , 程序入口


全量获取

 @GET
 public Response getContainers(@PathParam("version") String version,
                                @HeaderParam(HEADER_ACCEPT) String acceptHeader,
                                @HeaderParam(HEADER_ACCEPT_ENCODING) String acceptEncoding,
                                @HeaderParam(EurekaAccept.HTTP_X_EUREKA_ACCEPT) String eurekaAccept,
                                @Context UriInfo uriInfo,
                                @Nullable @QueryParam("regions") String regionsStr) {
 
     // 获取注册列表的区域
      boolean isRemoteRegionRequested = null != regionsStr && !regionsStr.isEmpty();
      String[] regions = null;
      if (!isRemoteRegionRequested) {
         EurekaMonitors.GET_ALL.increment();
      } else {
          regions = regionsStr.toLowerCase().split(",");
          Arrays.sort(regions); // So we don't have different caches for same regions queried in different order.
          EurekaMonitors.GET_ALL_WITH_REMOTE_REGIONS.increment();
     }

      // 判断是否可以访问
      if (!registry.shouldAllowAccess(isRemoteRegionRequested)) {
          return Response.status(Status.FORBIDDEN).build();
     }
      // 设置API版本
      CurrentRequestVersion.set(Version.toEnum(version));
      // 默认key的类型为JSON
      KeyType keyType = Key.KeyType.JSON;
      // 默认设置返回类型为JSON
      String returnMediaType = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON;
      // 如果Accept为空,或者不包含JSON字符串(表示客户端可能不接收JSON类型),则设置返回XML类型的
      if (acceptHeader == null || !acceptHeader.contains(HEADER_JSON_VALUE)) {
          keyType = Key.KeyType.XML;
          returnMediaType = MediaType.APPLICATION_XML;
      }
      // 构建缓存KEY 
      Key cacheKey = new Key(Key.EntityType.Application,
              ResponseCacheImpl.ALL_APPS,
              keyType, CurrentRequestVersion.get(), EurekaAccept.fromString(eurekaAccept), regions
      );
      // 获取缓存信息,返回给客户端
      Response response;
      // 判断请求接收类型是否是gzip ,如果是,则返回gzip的流出去
      if (acceptEncoding != null && acceptEncoding.contains(HEADER_GZIP_VALUE)) {
          response = Response.ok(responseCache.getGZIP(cacheKey))
                  .header(HEADER_CONTENT_ENCODING, HEADER_GZIP_VALUE)
                  .header(HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE, returnMediaType)
                  .build();
     } else {
         response = Response.ok(responseCache.get(cacheKey))
                 .build();
     }
     return response;
}

PS: 从Controller中可以看到,获取注册信息都是调用缓存操作类来最终获取到的,此处暂时先不讲缓存机制的实现

后面会单独开一篇文章来写Eureka的缓存机制。

获取全量信息,主要就是从AbstractInstanceRegistry类getApplications中的registry中获取的,代码如下

public Applications getApplications() {

     boolean disableTransparentFallback = serverConfig.disableTransparentFallbackToOtherRegion();
     if (disableTransparentFallback) {
         return getApplicationsFromLocalRegionOnly();
     } else {
         return getApplicationsFromAllRemoteRegions();  // Behavior of falling back to remote region can be disabled.
     }
 }

disableTransparentFallback : 官网解释是 , 如果在远程区域本地没有实例运行,对于应用程序回退的旧行为是否被禁用, 默认为false,所以此处仅

详细讲getApplicationsFromAllRemoteRegions() ;

public Applications getApplicationsFromAllRemoteRegions() {
      return getApplicationsFromMultipleRegions(allKnownRemoteRegions);
  }
  
public Applications getApplicationsFromMultipleRegions(String[] remoteRegions) {
 
      boolean includeRemoteRegion = null != remoteRegions && remoteRegions.length != 0;
 
      logger.debug("Fetching applications registry with remote regions: {}, Regions argument {}",
              includeRemoteRegion, Arrays.toString(remoteRegions));
      // 默认为false
      if (includeRemoteRegion) {
          GET_ALL_WITH_REMOTE_REGIONS_CACHE_MISS.increment();
      } else {
         GET_ALL_CACHE_MISS.increment();
      }
      Applications apps = new Applications();
      apps.setVersion(1L);
      // 循环该类中的CurrentHashMap, 这个MAP中,存储的是所有的客户端注册的实例信息
      // KEY 为客户端的名称,value为客户端的集群机器信息。
      for (Entry<String, Map<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>>> entry : registry.entrySet()) {
          Application app = null;
         
        if (entry.getValue() != null) {
             // 获取Lease信息,里面有每个实例的instance信息,分装成Application实体
            for (Entry<String, Lease<InstanceInfo>> stringLeaseEntry : entry.getValue().entrySet()) {
                Lease<InstanceInfo> lease = stringLeaseEntry.getValue();
                if (app == null) {
                    app = new Application(lease.getHolder().getAppName());
                }
                app.addInstance(decorateInstanceInfo(lease));
            }
        }
        if (app != null) {
            //放入 Applications里面去
            apps.addApplication(app);
        }
    }
   // 。。。。省略N多代码
    apps.setAppsHashCode(apps.getReconcileHashCode());
    return apps;
}

总结: 从上面的代码上来看,全量获取的机制很简单,主要是把服务端本地的CurrentHashMap里面存储的客户端信息,封装成
Application实体,然后返回。


增量获取

  @Path("delta")
  @GET
  public Response getContainerDifferential(
          @PathParam("version") String version,
          @HeaderParam(HEADER_ACCEPT) String acceptHeader,
          @HeaderParam(HEADER_ACCEPT_ENCODING) String acceptEncoding,
          @HeaderParam(EurekaAccept.HTTP_X_EUREKA_ACCEPT) String eurekaAccept,
          @Context UriInfo uriInfo, @Nullable @QueryParam("regions") String regionsStr) {
      // ..... 省略N多代码
     Key cacheKey = new Key(Key.EntityType.Application,
         ResponseCacheImpl.ALL_APPS_DELTA,
         keyType, CurrentRequestVersion.get(), EurekaAccept.fromString(eurekaAccept), regions
     );
      // ..... 省略N多代码
      if (acceptEncoding != null
         && acceptEncoding.contains(HEADER_GZIP_VALUE)) {
         return Response.ok(responseCache.getGZIP(cacheKey))
              .header(HEADER_CONTENT_ENCODING, HEADER_GZIP_VALUE)
              .header(HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE, returnMediaType)
              .build();
      } else {
         return Response.ok(responseCache.get(cacheKey))
            .build();
    }
}

获取增量信息的代码在AbstractInstanceRegistry类中,代码如下

public Applications getApplicationDeltas() {
      GET_ALL_CACHE_MISS_DELTA.increment();
      // 最近变化过的应用,初始化一个实体
      Applications apps = new Applications();
      // 增量获取的版本号
      apps.setVersion(responseCache.getVersionDelta().get());
      Map<String, Application> applicationInstancesMap = new HashMap<String, Application>();
      try {
          // 上写锁
          write.lock();
          // 最近产生过变化的客户端,都在这个队列里面
          Iterator<RecentlyChangedItem> iter = this.recentlyChangedQueue.iterator();
          logger.debug("The number of elements in the delta queue is :"
                 + this.recentlyChangedQueue.size());
          // 循环队列
          while (iter.hasNext()) {
              // 获取队列中的lease信息,这里面封装的就是客户端的实例信息
              Lease<InstanceInfo> lease = iter.next().getLeaseInfo();
              InstanceInfo instanceInfo = lease.getHolder();
              Object[] args = {instanceInfo.getId(),
                      instanceInfo.getStatus().name(),
                      instanceInfo.getActionType().name()};
              logger.debug(
                     "The instance id %s is found with status %s and actiontype %s",
                     args);
              Application app = applicationInstancesMap.get(instanceInfo
                     .getAppName());
              if (app == null) {
                  // 组装成一个Application实体,同时放入Applications里面去
                  app = new Application(instanceInfo.getAppName());
                  applicationInstancesMap.put(instanceInfo.getAppName(), app);
                  apps.addApplication(app);
             }
             app.addInstance(decorateInstanceInfo(lease));
         }

          boolean disableTransparentFallback = serverConfig.disableTransparentFallbackToOtherRegion();
          // 暂时没看明白这里的作用(苦笑。。)
          if (!disableTransparentFallback) {
             Applications allAppsInLocalRegion = getApplications(false);

             for (RemoteRegionRegistry remoteRegistry : this.regionNameVSRemoteRegistry.values()) {
                  Applications applications = remoteRegistry.getApplicationDeltas();
                  for (Application application : applications.getRegisteredApplications()) {
                      Application appInLocalRegistry =
                             allAppsInLocalRegion.getRegisteredApplications(application.getName());
                      if (appInLocalRegistry == null) {
                         apps.addApplication(application);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
          // 获取全量的注册信息
          Applications allApps = getApplications(!disableTransparentFallback);
          // 设置HashCode 
          apps.setAppsHashCode(allApps.getReconcileHashCode());
          return apps;
      } finally {
          write.unlock();
     }
}

上面主要用到了一个租约变化的队列, 这里面在客户端发生变化时,都会在这里面加入一条信息, 如: 注册,下线,过期等操作,租约变化队列里面的数据默认保存3分钟,会有一个定时器没30秒清理一次。

retentionTimeInMSInDeltaQueue : 客户端保持增量信息缓存的时间,从而保证不会丢失这些信息,单位为毫秒,默认为3 * 60 * 1000

private TimerTask getDeltaRetentionTask() {
      return new TimerTask() {
 
          @Override
          public void run() {
              Iterator<RecentlyChangedItem> it = recentlyChangedQueue.iterator();
              while (it.hasNext()) {
                  // 最后更新时间小于当前时间-3分钟,那么就会被移除
                  if (it.next().getLastUpdateTime() <
                         System.currentTimeMillis() - serverConfig.getRetentionTimeInMSInDeltaQueue()) {
                     it.remove();
                  } else {
                      break;
                 }
             }
         }

    };
}

获取到了这些变化的客户端信息,返回Eureka Clien 之后,通过集合合并,就可以得到最新的缓存数据了。

对于服务端来说, 接收全量获取和增量获取的请求,区别在于,构成的KEY不同, 全量获取的KEY 为ALL_APPS,

增量获取的KEY是ALL_APPS_DELTA , 然后都是通过缓存操作类去获取数据,因此最重要的是缓存类的功能实现

接下来会单独开一篇讲Eureka Server 服务端的缓存机制


本文小结

本文详细介绍了Eureka获取注册信息的知识与核心源码。

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