JAVA几种简单的单向加密方式

本问只简要讲解在JAVA中如何使用几种加密的代码示例，关于加密算法和数学知识不在本文讨论范围。

package com.util;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

/**
 * 常见的一些加密方式JAVA实现
 * 
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */

public class EncryptionUtil {

	

	/**
	 * MD5 加密
	 */
	public static String getMD5(String str) {

		MessageDigest md;
		try {
			md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
			md.update(str.getBytes());
			String substring = new BigInteger(1, md.digest()).toString(16).substring(8, 24);
			return substring;
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
			return "";
		}

	}

	/*
	 * 利用sha1加密
	 * 
	 */
	public static String getSha1(String str) {
		if (str == null || str.length() == 0) {
			return null;
		}
		char hexDigits[] = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };
		try {
			MessageDigest mdTemp = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
			mdTemp.update(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));
			byte[] md = mdTemp.digest();
			int j = md.length;
			char buf[] = new char[j * 2];
			int k = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) {
				byte byte0 = md[i];
				buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 >>> 4 & 0xf];
				buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 & 0xf];
			}
			return new String(buf);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			return null;
		}

	}

	/**
	 * 使用java8版本base64编码
	 * 
	 * @param str
	 * @return
	 */
	public static void getBase64(String str) {
		Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
		Base64.Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();
		try {
			byte[] textByte = str.getBytes("UTF-8");
			// 编码
			final String encodedText = encoder.encodeToString(textByte);
			System.out.println(encodedText);
			// 解码
			System.out.println(new String(decoder.decode(encodedText), "UTF-8"));
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	
	/**
	 * HmacSHA1加密
	 * 
	 * @param data
	 * @param key
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String hamcsha1(byte[] data, byte[] key) {
		try {
			SecretKeySpec signingKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, "HmacSHA1");
			Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1");
			mac.init(signingKey);
			return byte2hex(mac.doFinal(data));
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 将HmacSHA1加密之后的内容转换为字符串
	 * 
	 * @param b
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String byte2hex(byte[] b) {
		StringBuilder hs = new StringBuilder();
		String stmp;
		for (int n = 0; b != null && n < b.length; n++) {
			stmp = Integer.toHexString(b[n] & 0XFF);
			if (stmp.length() == 1)
				hs.append('0');
			hs.append(stmp);
		}
		return hs.toString().toUpperCase();
	}
 

}

以上几种加密都是非对称加密，MD5一般使用场景是：密码加密、软件校对是否已修改过、获得指定长度的随机数 等.SHA1和MD5差不多，只是算法不太一样，HMAC一般防止伪造消息