学习Android也将近4个年头了,一直想写点自己所学的内容来帮助后来人,为互联网奉献自己的一份力量,也算自己的积累。但是之前由于自己的惰性一直没有下笔,那就从今天这一篇开始吧!
我们做Android开发经常会有做即时聊天的需求,产品经理不管做啥APP,都要塞个IM,那就算是扯上社交了。我今天要讲的就是如何实现Android聊天界面。可能听到这个,在看文章的你就准备关闭网页了然后开喷了,但请别急,我写这篇文章自然有写这篇文章的道理。
1、首先我们创建项目,写好布局。布局比较简单,上面是个RecyclerView,用来显示聊天的对话。下面一个水平布局的LinearLayout,里面一个EditText作为文本编辑框,一个Button用来发送。这样布局就算写好了。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recyclerView_chat"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:overScrollMode="never"
android:scrollbars="vertical"/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="55dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_message"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:hint="输入消息内容"
android:padding="10dp" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_send"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="发送" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
2、我们在MainActivity里面初始化一下布局,同样也非常的简单。
package com.liuxiaoyi.chatdemo;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private RecyclerView recyclerView_chat;
private EditText editText_message;
private Button btn_send;
private ChatAdapter chatAdapter;
private ArrayList<Chat> chatArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
recyclerView_chat = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView_chat);
editText_message = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_message);
btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你好啊。",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你叫什么名字啊?",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你好,我叫小丽",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你是哪里人啊?",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("我是湖南长沙人",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("好巧啊,我也是长沙的",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("咱们真有缘分诶",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("我也觉得呢",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatAdapter = new ChatAdapter(MainActivity.this,chatArrayList);
LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(MainActivity.this);
recyclerView_chat.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
recyclerView_chat.setAdapter(chatAdapter);
}
}
3、构造一下聊天实体
package com.liuxiaoyi.chatdemo;
public class Chat {
private String chatContent;
private int type;
public Chat(String chatContent, int type) {
this.chatContent = chatContent;
this.type = type;
}
public String getChatContent() {
return chatContent;
}
public void setChatContent(String chatContent) {
this.chatContent = chatContent;
}
public int getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(int type) {
this.type = type;
}
}
4、最后写好适配器
package com.liuxiaoyi.chatdemo;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class ChatAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>{
public static final int TYPE_SEND = 0;
public static final int TYPE_RECEIVE = 1;
private Context context;
private ArrayList<Chat> chatArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
public ChatAdapter(Context context,ArrayList<Chat> chatArrayList){
this.context = context;
this.chatArrayList = chatArrayList;
}
@Override
public int getItemViewType(int position) {
if(chatArrayList.get(position).getType() == TYPE_SEND){
return TYPE_SEND;
}else if(chatArrayList.get(position).getType() == TYPE_RECEIVE){
return TYPE_RECEIVE;
}else {
return super.getItemViewType(position);
}
}
@Override
public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view;
if(viewType==TYPE_SEND){
view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_send,parent,false);
return new SendViewHolder(view);
}else {
view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_receive,parent,false);
return new ReceiveViewHolder(view);
}
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
if(holder instanceof SendViewHolder){
SendViewHolder viewHolder = (SendViewHolder) holder;
viewHolder.textView_send.setText(chatArrayList.get(position).getChatContent());
}else if(holder instanceof ReceiveViewHolder){
ReceiveViewHolder viewHolder = (ReceiveViewHolder) holder;
viewHolder.textView_receive.setText(chatArrayList.get(position).getChatContent());
}
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return chatArrayList.size();
}
private class SendViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
private TextView textView_send;
public SendViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
textView_send = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.textView_send);
}
}
private class ReceiveViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
private TextView textView_receive;
public ReceiveViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
textView_receive = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.textView_receive);
}
}
}
这样也就算完工了。我们看一下效果。
感觉好像不错,是这么个意思。这时候我们心里就在暗自庆幸,聊天界面也不过如此嘛,做出微信这样的APP也太简单了,老子天下代码水平天下第一。
但是稍微点击一下,我们就会发现问题。我们看图
当我们点击EditText的时候,键盘弹了出来。但是他好像和微信QQ又那么一点点不一样,微信QQ的聊天框弹出之后,键盘是不会遮住聊天内容的。
这怎么能难倒我们呢?网上搜一下解决方案不就可以了么?于是我们开始上网搜。
网上给出的方法总得来说有两种。
第一种:首先在清单文件中的Activity节点增加android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize"这么一句话,然后
LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(context);
manager.setStackFromEnd(true);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(manager);
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.liuxiaoyi.chatdemo" >
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity android:name=".MainActivity"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateHidden|adjustResize">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
MainActivity修改为
package com.liuxiaoyi.chatdemo;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private RecyclerView recyclerView_chat;
private EditText editText_message;
private Button btn_send;
private ChatAdapter chatAdapter;
private ArrayList<Chat> chatArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
recyclerView_chat = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView_chat);
editText_message = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_message);
btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你好啊。",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你叫什么名字啊?",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你好,我叫小丽",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你是哪里人啊?",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("我是湖南长沙人",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("好巧啊,我也是长沙的",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("咱们真有缘分诶",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("我也觉得呢",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatAdapter = new ChatAdapter(MainActivity.this,chatArrayList);
LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(MainActivity.this);
linearLayoutManager.setStackFromEnd(true);
recyclerView_chat.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
recyclerView_chat.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
recyclerView_chat.setAdapter(chatAdapter);
}
}
运行起来。大神诚不欺我啊,果然可以滚动了。聊天界面也不过如此嘛,做出微信这样的APP也太简单了,老子天下代码水平天下第一。
又稍微点击一下,又发现了问题
开始的界面是这样子的
点击聊天框后变成了这样
发现问题没有?微信QQ点击之后是滚动到底部,而不是只滚动到这一页的底部的哪一个item啊,这不是坑人嘛。唉,大神居然也会欺骗我,世态炎凉啊。
第一种方法不行 我们看第二种方法:
1、设置RecyclerView.scrollToPosition(list.size() - 1);
2、设置mLayoutManager.setStackFromEnd(true);
3、RecyclerView用ScrollView包裹起来,然后获取屏幕的高度和键盘的高度,计算出ScrollView需要滑动到的位置。
大神你不是骗我吧,前面我还能理解,用ScrollView包裹RecyclerView????(此处黑人脸问号),这干嘛还用RecyclerView,直接ScrollView里面add子view不就好了么。
这种方案我就不试了,如果在看文章的你有兴趣,可以尝试一下。
好了,文章写到这里就结束了,拜拜。
当然没有啦,我还没有提出解决方案。接下来看我的。(此处柯南背景音乐),新几子哇,一次莫黑一多次。
首先我们仔细看一下微信和QQ的实现方案,它的方案是不管我当前在RecyclerView 的哪个位置,只要点击输入框,就会跳回最后一条消息的位置。那我们只需要在我们点击输入框的时候滚到最后一个位置就可以了。思路就是这样,非常的简单。
接下来我们就上手实现
布局文件修改如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recyclerView_chat"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:overScrollMode="never"
android:scrollbars="vertical"/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="55dp"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<FrameLayout
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_weight="1">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText_message"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:hint="输入消息内容"
android:padding="10dp" />
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/layout_edit"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"/>
</FrameLayout>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_send"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:text="发送" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
仔细看,我在EditText上增加了一个布局,用他来控制EditText的点击事件(当点击的时候,手动请求焦点)。
看MainActivity里面的操作
package com.liuxiaoyi.chatdemo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private RecyclerView recyclerView_chat;
private EditText editText_message;
private Button btn_send;
private LinearLayout layout_edit;
private ChatAdapter chatAdapter;
private ArrayList<Chat> chatArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
Handler handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
switch (msg.what){
case 0:
recyclerView_chat.scrollToPosition(chatArrayList.size()-1);
break;
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
recyclerView_chat = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView_chat);
editText_message = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText_message);
btn_send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_send);
layout_edit = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.layout_edit);
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你好啊。",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你叫什么名字啊?",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你好,我叫小丽",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("你是哪里人啊?",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("我是湖南长沙人",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("好巧啊,我也是长沙的",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("咱们真有缘分诶",ChatAdapter.TYPE_SEND));
chatArrayList.add(new Chat("我也觉得呢",ChatAdapter.TYPE_RECEIVE));
chatAdapter = new ChatAdapter(MainActivity.this,chatArrayList);
LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(MainActivity.this);
recyclerView_chat.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
recyclerView_chat.setAdapter(chatAdapter);
layout_edit.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
editText_message.requestFocus();
showSoftInput(MainActivity.this, editText_message);
handler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(0,250);
}
});
recyclerView_chat.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {
hideSoftInput(MainActivity.this, editText_message);
return false;
}
});
}
public static void showSoftInput(Context context, View view) {
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) context.getSystemService(Activity.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.showSoftInput(view, InputMethodManager.SHOW_FORCED);
}
public static void hideSoftInput(Context context, View view) {
InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager) context.getSystemService(Activity.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(view.getWindowToken(), 0);
}
}
我在这里获得布局文件中新增加的那个View,然后让他来给EditText请求焦点,同时用Handler的 sendEmptyMessageDelayed( 0 , 250 )方法让recyclerView等一会儿再滑动(此时弹出框已被弹出)。当RecyclerView有Touch事件的时候隐藏掉输入法,这样就可以了。
这里行文就真正结束了,有问题可以在底下留言。谢谢大家。