springboot 上传文件报错：java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.xxx] is not valid

springboot 上传文件报错：java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.xxx] is not valid

前言：
之前上线半个月后的项目，突然发现图片上传的接口有问题，无法上传，提示java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.1920962677180834063.9092/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid ，经过百度，才知道这个是springboot项目文件上传的一个坑。

异常详细

2021-07-15 15:34:01.074 ERROR 48843 --- [nio-9092-exec-7] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet]    : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException: Failed to parse multipart servlet request; nested exception is java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.1920962677180834063.9092/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid] with root cause

java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.1920962677180834063.9092/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.parseParts(Request.java:2821)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.parseParameters(Request.java:3185)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.getParameter(Request.java:1116)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade.getParameter(RequestFacade.java:381)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:84)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter.filterAndRecordMetrics(WebMvcMetricsFilter.java:117)
	at org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(WebMvcMetricsFilter.java:106)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:200)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:490)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:834)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1415)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

分析问题

spring boot的应用服务在启动的时候，会生成在操作系统的/tmp目录下生成一个tomcat.*的文件目录，用于"java.io.tmpdir"文件流操作。

程序对文件的操作时：会生成临时文件，暂存在临时文件中；lunix 系统的tmpwatch 命令会删除10天未使用的临时文件；长时间不操作，导致/tmp下面的tomcat临时文件目录被删除，且删除的文件不可恢复，上传文件时获取不到文件目录，所以就报了开头的错啦。

我进到/tmp的文件下，看有没有文件

解决方案一：

重启项目

解决方案二：

重启项目

1.在配置文件中配置tomcat的临时目录：

properties

server.tomcat.basedir=/home/temp


yml

server:
   tomcat:
    basedir: /home/temp

2. 写个配置类，通过@Bean的方式配置目录：

/**
 * 文件上传临时路径
 */
 @Bean
 MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement() {
    MultipartConfigFactory factory = new MultipartConfigFactory();
    factory.setLocation("/home/temp");
    return factory.createMultipartConfig();
}

建议使用用第二种,在项目启动时,生成该文件,一劳永逸,杜绝后患