Synchronized简介

Synchronized的正确用法

• 修饰实例方法

  /**
   * @Author: zenghzong
   * @Description:
   * @Date: Create in 16:18 2020/5/18
   */
  public class Main {
      public synchronized void test(){
      }
  }
  

• 修饰静态方法

  public class Main {
      public  void test(){
          synchronized(Main.class){
  
          }
      }
  }
  

• 修饰代码块

  public class Main {
      public void test1(){
          synchronized(new test2()){
  
          }
      }
  }
  

  synchronized底层实现

  java源代码

  /**
   * @Author: zenghzong
   * @Description:
   * @Date: Create in 16:18 2020/5/18
   */
  public class Main {
      public synchronized void test(){
          synchronized(new String()){
  
          }
      }
  }
  

  编译之后字节码，这里的对象头，他会关联到一个monitor对象。

  Classfile /D:/myproject/Main.class
    Last modified 2020-5-18; size 490 bytes
    MD5 checksum 049256e45d8bd6241ed186ac84a10f8e
    Compiled from "Main.java"
  public class io.renren.modules.sys.Main
    minor version: 0
    major version: 52
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
  Constant pool:
     #1 = Methodref          #5.#20         // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
     #2 = Class              #21            // java/lang/String
     #3 = Methodref          #2.#20         // java/lang/String."<init>":()V
     #4 = Class              #22            // io/renren/modules/sys/Main
     #5 = Class              #23            // java/lang/Object
     #6 = Utf8               <init>
     #7 = Utf8               ()V
     #8 = Utf8               Code
     #9 = Utf8               LineNumberTable
    #10 = Utf8               LocalVariableTable
    #11 = Utf8               this
    #12 = Utf8               Lio/renren/modules/sys/Main;
    #13 = Utf8               test
    #14 = Utf8               StackMapTable
    #15 = Class              #22            // io/renren/modules/sys/Main
    #16 = Class              #23            // java/lang/Object
    #17 = Class              #24            // java/lang/Throwable
    #18 = Utf8               SourceFile
    #19 = Utf8               Main.java
    #20 = NameAndType        #6:#7          // "<init>":()V
    #21 = Utf8               java/lang/String
    #22 = Utf8               io/renren/modules/sys/Main
    #23 = Utf8               java/lang/Object
    #24 = Utf8               java/lang/Throwable
  {
    public io.renren.modules.sys.Main();
      descriptor: ()V
      flags: ACC_PUBLIC
      Code:
        stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
           0: aload_0
           1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
           4: return
        LineNumberTable:
          line 8: 0
        LocalVariableTable:
          Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
              0       5     0  this   Lio/renren/modules/sys/Main;
  
    public synchronized void test();
      descriptor: ()V
      flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SYNCHRONIZED
      Code:
        stack=2, locals=3, args_size=1
           0: new           #2                  // class java/lang/String
           3: dup
           4: invokespecial #3                  // Method java/lang/String."<init>":()V
           7: dup
           8: astore_1
           9: monitorenter
          10: aload_1
          11: monitorexit
          12: goto          20
          15: astore_2
          16: aload_1
          17: monitorexit
          18: aload_2
          19: athrow
          20: return
        Exception table:
           from    to  target type
              10    12    15   any
              15    18    15   any
        LineNumberTable:
          line 10: 0
          line 12: 10
          line 13: 20
        LocalVariableTable:
          Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
              0      21     0  this   Lio/renren/modules/sys/Main;
        StackMapTable: number_of_entries = 2
          frame_type = 255 /* full_frame */
            offset_delta = 15
            locals = [ class io/renren/modules/sys/Main, class java/lang/Object ]
            stack = [ class java/lang/Throwable ]
          frame_type = 250 /* chop */
            offset_delta = 4
  }
  SourceFile: "Main.java"
  

  进入一个方法的时候，执行monitorenter，获得对象的所以权，如果monitor进入数为1，当前的这个线程就是这个monitor的owner，如果这时候已经是这个monitor的owner了，再次进入，就会更新技术成num+1。如果执行完monitorexit，num就-1，直到为0，然后才可以被其他线程持有。加锁的互斥，就是看你能否获得monitor的使用权，一旦你成为owner就是获得者。

  monitor

  monitor源码是C++写的，在虚拟机的ObjectMonitor.hpp文件中。该文件在线地址，该对象的结构如下

    _recursions   = 0;  // 线程重入次数
    _object       = NULL;  // 存储Monitor对象
    _owner        = NULL;  // 持有当前线程的owner
    _WaitSet      = NULL;  // wait状态的线程列表
 	 _cxq          = NULL ;  // 单向列表
    _EntryList    = NULL ;  // 处于等待锁状态block状态的线程列表

synchronized底层的源码就是引入了ObjectMonitor

TODO monitor为什么两次exit，一次enter