python连接mongo数据库的一些片段测试和错误记录

Mongo数据库操作：

#!/user/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from pymongo import MongoClient
COLSIZ = 10
FIELDS = ('login', 'userid', 'projid')
cxn = MongoClient(host='192.168.1.30',port=27017)
db = cxn['test']
users = db['users']
def tformat(s): return str(s).title().ljust(COLSIZ)
NAMES = (
        ('arron', 8312), ('angela', 7603), ('dave', 7306),
        ('davina', 7902), ('elliot', 7911), ('ernie', 7410),
        ('jess', 7912), ('jim', 7512), ('larry', 7311),
        ('leslie', 7808), ('melissa', 8602), ('pat', 7711),
        ('serena', 7003), ('stan', 7607), ('faye', 6812),
        ('amy', 7209), ('mona', 7404), ('jennifer', 7608),
)

def randName():
    pick = set(NAMES)  # 内置函数set()创建了一个无序不重复元素集，可进行关系测试，删除重复数据，还可以计算交集、差集】并集等
    while pick:
        yield pick.pop()

users.insert_many(
            dict(login=who,userid=uid,projid=1)
            for who,uid in randName())

for user in users.find():
    print(''.join(map(tformat, (user[k] for k in FIELDS))))

输出结果：

Davina    7902      1         
Mona      7404      1         
Angela    7603      1         
Arron     8312      1         
Larry     7311      1         
Stan      7607      1         
Serena    7003      1         
Jim       7512      1         
Elliot    7911      1         
Faye      6812      1         
Pat       7711      1         
Leslie    7808      1         
Ernie     7410      1         
Amy       7209      1         
Jennifer  7608      1         
Dave      7306      1         
Jess      7912      1         
Melissa   8602      1         
Serena    7003      1         
Ernie     7410      1         
Larry     7311      1         
Stan      7607      1         
Pat       7711      1         
Leslie    7808      1         
Melissa   8602      1         
Amy       7209      1         
Jennifer  7608      1         
Faye      6812      1         
Elliot    7911      1         
Mona      7404      1         
Jess      7912      1         
Davina    7902      1         
Angela    7603      1         
Dave      7306      1         
Arron     8312      1         
Jim       7512      1         

拆分输出结果：

x = users.find()
print(x)

输出：

<pymongo.cursor.Cursor object at 0x058A02D0>

返回结果是Cursor类型，相当于一个生成器，我们需要遍历取到所有的结果，每一个结果都是字典类型
修改为：

for xx in x:
	print(xx)

输出：

{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec0'), 'login': 'angela', 'userid': 7603, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec1'), 'login': 'dave', 'userid': 7306, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec2'), 'login': 'jim', 'userid': 7512, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec3'), 'login': 'davina', 'userid': 7902, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec4'), 'login': 'elliot', 'userid': 7911, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec5'), 'login': 'amy', 'userid': 7209, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec6'), 'login': 'stan', 'userid': 7607, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec7'), 'login': 'serena', 'userid': 7003, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec8'), 'login': 'ernie', 'userid': 7410, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ec9'), 'login': 'pat', 'userid': 7711, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94eca'), 'login': 'mona', 'userid': 7404, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ecb'), 'login': 'leslie', 'userid': 7808, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ecc'), 'login': 'melissa', 'userid': 8602, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ecd'), 'login': 'jennifer', 'userid': 7608, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ece'), 'login': 'jess', 'userid': 7912, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ecf'), 'login': 'larry', 'userid': 7311, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ed0'), 'login': 'faye', 'userid': 6812, 'projid': 1}
{'_id': ObjectId('5d01c4b4bce2b3d6bdb94ed1'), 'login': 'arron', 'userid': 8312, 'projid': 1}

继续拆分输出结果：

FIELDS = ('login', 'userid', 'projid')
COLSIZ =10
def cformat(s): return s.upper().ljust(COLSIZ)
a = map(cformat,FIELDS)
print('\n%s' % ''.join(a))

LOGIN     USERID    PROJID 

尝试直接输出a的值：

print (a)
<map object at 0x04DD0630>

修改为list类型输出：

print (list(a))
['LOGIN     ', 'USERID    ', 'PROJID    ']

dict函数报错：

a = [dict(login=who, userid=uid, projid=3) for who, uid in randName()]

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "<input>", line 1, in <listcomp>
TypeError: 'dict' object is not callable

原因是之前定义过dict，有这么一条赋值语句

dict = {'a':1,'b':2}

导致无法运行python内置函数dict，运行以下语句

del(dict)

不再报错

使用join函数时

print( "_".join("a","b","c"))

报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: join() takes exactly one argument (3 given)

应该为

print( "_".join(("a","b","c")))
a_b_c