HttpClient的使用

支持自动转向虽然在 JDK 的 java.net 包中已经提供了访问 HTTP 协议的基本功能，但是对于大部分应用程序来说，JDK 库本身提供的功能还不够丰富和灵活。HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient 提供的主要的功能包括：
实现了所有 HTTP 的方法（GET,POST,PUT,HEAD 等）

支持 HTTPS 协议
支持代理服务器
官网 http://hc.apache.org/httpclient-3.x/

Httpclient4.2终于提供了Fluent API，使得api的写法极大简化
Request.Get("http://somehost/")
.connectTimeout(1000)
.socketTimeout(1000)
.execute().returnContent().asString();

Request.Post("http://somehost/do-stuff")
.useExpectContinue()
.version(HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1)
.bodyString("Important stuff", ContentType.DEFAULT_TEXT)
.execute().returnContent().asBytes();

具体案例：

package com.my.httpclient;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.fluent.Request;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;

public class FluentDemo {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		try {
			
			String text = Request.Get("http://httpbin.org/get").execute().returnContent().toString();
			System.out.println(text);
			
			String data = "username:vip,password:secret";
			StringEntity se = new StringEntity(data);
			String result = Request.Post("http://httpbin.org/post")				
//	        .addHeader("Host", "my.worktile.com") 
//	        .addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0")
//	        .addHeader("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
//	        .addHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3")
//	        .addHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br")
//	        .addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8")
//	        .addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive")
			.body(se).execute().returnContent().asString();
			System.out.println(result);
			
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

运行结果：

 

老用法实例一：

package com.my.httpclient;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class BaseOldTest {
	
	public static void mian(String[] args) {
		get();
		post();
	}
	
	public static void get() {
		CloseableHttpClient chc = HttpClients.createDefault();
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://httpbin.org/get");
		CloseableHttpResponse response1 = null;
		try {
			response1 = chc.execute(httpGet);
			System.out.println(response1);
			System.out.println(response1.getStatusLine());
			HttpEntity entity1 = response1.getEntity();
			EntityUtils.consume(entity1);
			
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			try {
				response1.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	
	public static void post() {
		
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://httpbin.org/post");
		List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
		nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "vip"));
		nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "secret"));
		CloseableHttpResponse response2 = null;
		try {
			
			httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps));
			response2 = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
			System.out.println(response2.getStatusLine());
			HttpEntity entity2 = response2.getEntity();
			EntityUtils.consume(entity2);
			
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			try {
				response2.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}	
	}
}

老用法实例二：

package com.my.httpclient;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

public class BaseOldTest2 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

		System.out.println(getRequest("http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search?query=银行&bounds=39.915,116.404,39.975,116.414&output=json&ak="));
	}
	
	public static String getRequest(String p_request) throws IOException{
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient;
		CloseableHttpResponse response;
		HttpGet httpget;    
	    httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		httpget = new HttpGet(p_request);
		response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
		return response.toString();
		
	}

}