地理编码与反地理编码

            地理编码是把某个具体的位置计算为经纬度，反地理编码正好相反。

            效果：通过输入框的搜索，也能定位到具体的位置。长按地图，就能获得某个位置的详细地址。

1. #import "ViewController.h"  
2. #import <MapKit/MapKit.h>  
3.   
4. @interface ViewController ()<CLLocationManagerDelegate,MKMapViewDelegate>  
5.   
6. @property (nonatomic, strong) MKMapView * mapView;  
7. @property (nonatomic, strong) CLLocationManager * locationManager;  
8. @property (nonatomic, strong) UITextField * textField;  
9. @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString * titleString;  
10.   
11. @end  
12.   
13. @implementation ViewController  
14.   
15. - (void)viewDidLoad {  
16.     [super viewDidLoad];  
17.   
18. //    116.456011,39.941272  
19.     _mapView = [[MKMapView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];  
20.     [_mapView setDelegate:self];  
21.     [_mapView setShowsUserLocation:YES];  
22.     [_mapView setMapType:MKMapTypeStandard];  
23.     [self.view addSubview:_mapView];  
24.       
25.     UILongPressGestureRecognizer * longpressGestureRecognizer = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPressed:)];  
26.     [_mapView addGestureRecognizer:longpressGestureRecognizer];  
27.       
28.     _textField = [[UITextField alloc] init];  
29.     [_textField setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints:NO];  
30.     [_textField setBackgroundColor:[UIColor whiteColor]];  
31.     [self.view addSubview:_textField];  
32.       
33.     UIButton * btn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];  
34.     [btn setBackgroundColor:[UIColor orangeColor]];  
35.     [btn setTitle:@"查找" forState:UIControlStateNormal];  
36.     [btn setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints:NO];  
37.     [btn addTarget:self action:@selector(theBtnPressed:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];  
38.     [self.view addSubview:btn];  
39.       
40.     [self.view addConstraints:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"H:|-20-[_textField][btn(100)]-20-|"  
41.                                                                      options:0  
42.                                                                      metrics:nil  
43.                                                                         views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_textField,btn)]];  
44.     [self.view addConstraints:[NSLayoutConstraint constraintsWithVisualFormat:@"V:|-20-[_textField(30)]-(-30)-[btn(30)]"  
45.                                                                       options:0  
46.                                                                       metrics:nil  
47.                                                                         views:NSDictionaryOfVariableBindings(_textField,btn)]];  
48.       
49.     //检测定位功能是否开启  
50.     if([CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled]){  
51.           
52.         if(!_locationManager){  
53.              
54.             _locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];  
55.               
56.             if([_locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestWhenInUseAuthorization)]){  
57.                 [_locationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];  
58.                 [_locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];  
59.                   
60.             }  
61.   
62.             //设置代理  
63.             [_locationManager setDelegate:self];  
64.             //设置定位精度  
65.             [_locationManager setDesiredAccuracy:kCLLocationAccuracyBest];  
66.             //设置距离筛选  
67.             [_locationManager setDistanceFilter:100];  
68.             //开始定位  
69.             [_locationManager startUpdatingLocation];  
70.             //设置开始识别方向  
71.             [_locationManager startUpdatingHeading];  
72.               
73.         }  
74.           
75.     }else{  
76.         UIAlertView * alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:nil  
77.                                                              message:@"您没有开启定位功能"  
78.                                                             delegate:nil  
79.                                                    cancelButtonTitle:@"确定"  
80.                                                    otherButtonTitles:nil, nil nil];  
81.         [alertView show];  
82.     }  
83. }  
84.   
85. //点击按钮执行此方法  
86. - (void)theBtnPressed:(id)sender {  
87.     [_textField resignFirstResponder];  
88.     if([_textField.text length] == 0){  
89.           
90.         return;  
91.     }  
92.     [self geocoder:_textField.text];  
93. }  
94.   
95. #pragma mark LongPress  
96. - (void)longPressed:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)recognizer {  
97.     if(recognizer.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan){  
98.         CGPoint point = [recognizer locationInView:_mapView];  
99.         CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate2D = [_mapView convertPoint:point toCoordinateFromView:_mapView];  
100.           
101.         [_mapView removeAnnotations:_mapView.annotations];  
102.           
103.         CLLocation * location = [[CLLocation alloc] initWithLatitude:coordinate2D.latitude longitude:coordinate2D.longitude];  
104.           
105.         [self reverseGeocoder:location];  
106.           
107. //        MKPointAnnotation * pointAnnotation = [[MKPointAnnotation alloc] init];  
108. //        [pointAnnotation setTitle:_titleString];  
109. //        [pointAnnotation setCoordinate:coordinate2D];  
110. //        [_mapView addAnnotation:pointAnnotation];  
111.     }  
112. }  
113.   
114. //授权状态发生改变的时候执行  
115. - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status {  
116.     switch(status){  
117.         case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:  
118.         {  
119.             UIAlertView * alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:nil  
120.                                                                  message:@"定位功能没有开启" delegate:nil  
121.                                                        cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil nil];  
122.             [alertView show];  
123.         }  
124.             break;  
125.         default:  
126.             break;  
127.     }  
128. }  
129.   
130. #pragma mark mapViewDelegate   
131. - (MKAnnotationView *)mapView:(MKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id<MKAnnotation>)annotation{  
132.     static NSString * key = @"key";  
133.     MKPinAnnotationView * pinAnnotationView = (MKPinAnnotationView *)[mapView dequeueReusableAnnotationViewWithIdentifier:key];  
134.       
135.     if(pinAnnotationView == nil){  
136.         pinAnnotationView = [[MKPinAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:key];  
137.         [pinAnnotationView setCanShowCallout:YES];  
138.     }  
139.       
140.     if([annotation isKindOfClass:[MKUserLocation class]]){  
141.         [pinAnnotationView setPinColor:MKPinAnnotationColorRed];  
142.         [((MKUserLocation *)annotation) setTitle:_titleString];  
143.     }else{  
144.         [pinAnnotationView setPinColor:MKPinAnnotationColorPurple];  
145.     }  
146.       
147.     return pinAnnotationView;  
148. }  
149.   
150. #pragma mark - CLLocationManangerDelegate  
151. //定位成功以后调用  
152. - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations {  
153.     [_locationManager stopUpdatingLocation];  
154.     CLLocation * location = locations.lastObject;  
155.       
156.     MKCoordinateRegion coordinateRegion = MKCoordinateRegionMake(CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(location.coordinate.latitude, location.coordinate.longitude), MKCoordinateSpanMake(0.1, 0.1));  
157.       
158.     [_mapView setRegion:[_mapView regionThatFits:coordinateRegion] animated:YES];  
159.       
160. //    [self reverseGeocoder:location];  
161. }  
162.   
163. - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error {  
164.     NSLog(@"error:%@",error);  
165. }  
166.   
167.   
168. #pragma mark Geocoder  
169. //反地理编码  
170. - (void)reverseGeocoder:(CLLocation *)currentLocation {  
171.       
172.     CLGeocoder * geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init];  
173.     [geocoder reverseGeocodeLocation:currentLocation completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {  
174.       
175.         if(error || placemarks.count == 0){  
176.             NSLog(@"error");  
177.         }else{  
178.               
179.             CLPlacemark * placemark = placemarks.firstObject;  
180.               
181.             self.titleString = placemark.name;  
182.             MKPointAnnotation * pointAnnotation = [[MKPointAnnotation alloc] init];  
183.             [pointAnnotation setTitle:placemark.name];  
184.             [pointAnnotation setCoordinate:CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(placemark.location.coordinate.latitude, placemark.location.coordinate.longitude)];  
185.             [_mapView addAnnotation:pointAnnotation];  
186.               
187.             NSLog(@"placemark:%@",[[placemark addressDictionary] objectForKey:@"City"]);  
188.         }  
189.           
190.     }];  
191. }  
192.   
193. //地理编码  
194. - (void)geocoder:(NSString *)str {  
195.     CLGeocoder * geocoder = [[CLGeocoder alloc] init];  
196.     [geocoder geocodeAddressString:str completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks, NSError *error) {  
197.          
198.         if(error || placemarks.count == 0){  
199.             NSLog(@"error");  
200.         }else{  
201.             CLPlacemark * placemark = placemarks.firstObject;  
202.             MKCoordinateRegion coordinateRegion = MKCoordinateRegionMake(CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(placemark.location.coordinate.latitude, placemark.location.coordinate.longitude), MKCoordinateSpanMake(0.1, 0.1));  
203.               
204.             [_mapView setRegion:[_mapView regionThatFits:coordinateRegion] animated:YES];  
205.               
206.             MKPointAnnotation * pointAnnotation = [[MKPointAnnotation alloc] init];  
207.             [pointAnnotation setTitle:placemark.name];  
208.             [pointAnnotation setCoordinate:CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(placemark.location.coordinate.latitude, placemark.location.coordinate.longitude)];  
209.             [_mapView addAnnotation:pointAnnotation];  
210.         }  
211.           
212.     }];  
213. }  
214.   
215. - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {  
216.     [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];  
217.     // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.  
218. }  
219.   
220. @end

           参考：http://blog.csdn.net/chenyufeng1991/article/details/48596791