oracle over函数及其常用组合

1. over()与sum()组合

(1)

select deptno,

       ename,
       sal,
       sum(sal) over(order by ename),--通过ename排序对sal进行连续求和
       sum(sal) over(),--这里和sum(sal)效果相同,但不用进行group by 操作
       100 * round(sal / sum(sal) over(), 4)--求每一个人的sal占比
  from emp;

(2)

select deptno,
       ename,
       sal,
       sum(sal) over(partition by deptno order by sal),--按部门“连续”求总和
       sum(sal) over(partition by deptno),--按部门求总和
       sum(sal) over(),
       100 * round(sal / sum(sal) over(), 4),
       100 * round(sum(sal) over(partition by deptno) / sum(sal) over(), 4)
  from emp;

2. over()与rank(),dense_rank()组合

(1)

rank()over()和dense_rank()over 的区别

rank()是跳跃排序，有两个第二名时接下来就是第四名

dense_rank()是连续排序，有两个第二名时仍然跟着第三名

eg:

select deptno, ename, sal, rank() over(partition by deptno order by sal) from emp;

select deptno,ename,sal,dense_rank() over(partition by deptno order by sal) from emp;

3. over()与row_number()组合

select deptno,sal, row_number() over(partition by deptno order by sal)
  from emp
 order by deptno;

select * from (
select deptno,sal, row_number() over(partition by deptno order by sal) rn
  from emp
 order by deptno) where rn between 1 and 3;