让你的Python代码更加pythonic

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	<article id="post-318" class="post-318 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-python tag-python-2 tag-pythonic tag-32 tag-31">
	<header class="entry-header">
	<h1 class="entry-title">让你的Python代码更加pythonic</h1>
	<div class="entry-meta">
	<span class="posted-on">Posted on <a href="http://wuzhiwei.net/be_pythonic/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2014-03-24T20:52:32+00:00">2014/03/24</time></a> </span>
	<span class="comments-link">&middot; <a href="http://wuzhiwei.net/be_pythonic/#comments">22 Comments</a></span>
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	<div class="entry-content">
	<h2>何为pythonic?</h2>
	<p>pythonic如果翻译成中文的话就是<code>很python</code>。<code>很</code>+<code>名词</code>结构的用法在中国不少，比如：很娘，很国足，很CCTV等等。</p>
	<p>我的理解为，<code>很</code>+<code>名词</code>表达了一种特殊和强调的意味。所以<code>很python</code>可以理解为：只有python能做到的，区别于其他语言的写法，其实就是python的惯用和特有写法。</p>
	<img src="http://wuzhiwei.net/articlePic/jugelizi.jpg"></img>
	<h4>置换两个变量的值。</h4>
	<h5>很python的写法：</h5>
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	<h5>不python的写法：</h5>
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	<p>上面的例子通过了元组的pack和unpack完成了对a,b的互换，避免了使用临时变量temp，而且只用了一行代码。</p>
	<span id="more-318"></span>
	<p>以下为了简略，我们用<strong>P</strong>表示pythonic的写法，<strong>NP</strong>表示non-pythonic的写法，当然此P-NP非彼P-NP。</p>
	<h2>为什么要追求pythonic?</h2>
	<p>相比于NP，P的写法简练，明确，优雅，绝大部分时候执行效率高，代码越少也就越不容易出错。我认为好的程序员在写代码时，应该追求代码的正确性，简洁性和可读性，这恰恰就是pythonic的精神所在。</p>
	<p>对于具有其他编程语言经验而初涉Python的程序员（比如我自己）来说，在写Python代码时，认识到pythonic的写法，会带来更多的便利和高效，而本文的主要读者也将是这群程序员。</p>
	<p>以下将给出P和NP的n种示例，供读者和自己参考，查阅。</p>
	<p>本文最后会列出参考资料，这些参考资料在我看来都极具价值。</p>
	<h2>P vs. NP的示例</h2>
	<h3>链式比较</h3>
	<h5>P:</h5>
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	<td class="crayon-code"><div class="crayon-pre" style="font-size: 16px !important; line-height: 20px !important; -moz-tab-size:4; -o-tab-size:4; -webkit-tab-size:4; tab-size:4;"><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef99c922221466-1"><span class="crayon-v">a</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-o">=</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-cn">3</span></div><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef99c922221466-2"><span class="crayon-v">b</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-o">=</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-cn">1</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span></div><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef99c922221466-3">&nbsp;</div><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef99c922221466-4"><span class="crayon-cn">1</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-o">&lt;=</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-v">b</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-o">&lt;=</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-v">a</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-o">&lt;</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-cn">10</span><span class="crayon-h">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="crayon-c">#True</span></div></div></td>
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	<h5>NP:</h5>
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	<p>P是小学生都能看懂的语法，简单直接省代码~</p>
	<h3>真值测试</h3>
	<h5>P:</h5>
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	<td class="crayon-code"><div class="crayon-pre" style="font-size: 16px !important; line-height: 20px !important; -moz-tab-size:4; -o-tab-size:4; -webkit-tab-size:4; tab-size:4;"><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef9a9304528166-1"><span class="crayon-v">name</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-o">=</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-s">'Tim'</span></div><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef9a9304528166-2"><span class="crayon-v">langs</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-o">=</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-sy">[</span><span class="crayon-s">'AS3'</span><span class="crayon-sy">,</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-s">'Lua'</span><span class="crayon-sy">,</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-s">'C'</span><span class="crayon-sy">]</span></div><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef9a9304528166-3"><span class="crayon-v">info</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-o">=</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-sy">{</span><span class="crayon-s">'name'</span><span class="crayon-o">:</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-s">'Tim'</span><span class="crayon-sy">,</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-s">'sex'</span><span class="crayon-o">:</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-s">'Male'</span><span class="crayon-sy">,</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-s">'age'</span><span class="crayon-o">:</span><span class="crayon-cn">23</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-sy">}</span><span class="crayon-h">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></div><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef9a9304528166-4">&nbsp;</div><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef9a9304528166-5"><span class="crayon-st">if</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-e">name </span><span class="crayon-st">and</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-e">langs </span><span class="crayon-st">and</span><span class="crayon-h"> </span><span class="crayon-v">info</span><span class="crayon-o">:</span></div><div class="crayon-line" id="crayon-5811b5a4ef9a9304528166-6"><span class="crayon-h">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="crayon-k ">print</span><span class="crayon-sy">(</span><span class="crayon-s">'All True!'</span><span class="crayon-sy">)</span><span class="crayon-h">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="crayon-c">#All True!</span></div></div></td>
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	<h5>NP:</h5>
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