VC++ 与Arduino串口通讯

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-27 15:25:53 发布

Kino的奇妙之旅

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-27 15:25:53 发布

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文章标签： c++ 开发语言单片机

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_32913017/article/details/126508071

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实验动机

本来在Python中使用pyserial package快乐写串口，但是由于系统迁移需要改为C++，于是开始了C++菜鸟痛苦写串口过程。实现目标为PC作为上位机，Arduino作为下位机控制电机驱动使步进电机移动。全项目包括串口通讯模块Serial，电机控制模块Motor，和调用两个模块的main.cpp。本文具体记录串口通讯的调用，以及发送长字符串如何debug。

C++串口通讯代码

代码参考别的博文，做了面向对象的分离。系统为Windows，编译环境为VS2019。串口函数主要用到了windows.h中包含的定义。关于这个库的介绍可以看这里(1条消息) C++ windows.h详解_张耘嘉的博客-CSDN博客_c++ windows.h

话不多说，上代码。

Serial.h

#ifndef SERIALCLASS_H_INCLUDED
#define SERIALCLASS_H_INCLUDED

#define ARDUINO_WAIT_TIME 200
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>  


class Serial
{
private:
	HANDLE hSerial; //Serial comm handler
	bool connected; //Connection status
	COMSTAT status; //Get various information about the connection
	DWORD errors; //Keep track of last error

public:
	//Initialize Serial communication with the given COM port
	Serial();
	Serial(const char *portName);
	//Close the connection
	~Serial();
	//Read data in a buffer, if nbChar is greater than the
	//maximum number of bytes available, it will return only the
	//bytes available. The function return -1 when nothing could
	//be read, the number of bytes actually read.
	int ReadData(char *buffer, unsigned int nbChar);
	//Writes data from a buffer through the Serial connection
	//return true on success.
	bool WriteData(char *buffer, unsigned int nbChar);
	//Check if we are actually connected
	bool IsConnected();
};
#endif // SERIALCLASS_H_INCLUDED

Serial.cpp

#include "Serial.h"
#include <stdio.h>

Serial::Serial() {

}

Serial::Serial(const char *portName)
{
	this->connected = false;

	this->hSerial = CreateFileA(portName,
		GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
		0,
		NULL,
		OPEN_EXISTING,
		FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
		NULL);

	if (this->hSerial == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		if (GetLastError() == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
			printf("ERROR: Handle was not attached. Reason: %s not available.\n", portName);
			return;
		}
		else
		{
			printf("ERROR!!!");
		}
	}
	else
	{
		//If connected we try to set the comm parameters
		DCB dcbSerialParams = { 0 };
		
		// Try to get the current
		if (!GetCommState(this->hSerial, &dcbSerialParams))
		{
			printf("failed to get current serial parameters!");
		}
		else 
		{
			// Define serial connection parameters for the arduino board
			dcbSerialParams.BaudRate = CBR_115200;
			dcbSerialParams.ByteSize = 8;
			dcbSerialParams.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT;
			dcbSerialParams.Parity = NOPARITY;
			// Setting the DTR to Control_Enable ensures that the Arduino is properly
			// reset upon establishing a connection
			dcbSerialParams.fDtrControl = DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE;

			//Set the parameters and check for their proper application
			if (!SetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams))
			{
				printf("ALERT: Could not set Serial Port parameters");
			}
			else
			{
				//If everything went fine we're connected
				this->connected = true;
				//Flush any remaining characters in the buffers 
				PurgeComm(this->hSerial, PURGE_RXCLEAR | PURGE_TXCLEAR);
				//We wait 2s as the arduino board will be reseting
				Sleep(ARDUINO_WAIT_TIME);
			}
		}
	}	

}

Serial::~Serial() {
	//Check if we are connected before trying to disconnect
	if (this->connected)
	{
		//We're no longer connected
		this->connected = false;
		//Close the serial handler
		CloseHandle(this->hSerial);
	}
}

int Serial::ReadData(char *buffer, unsigned int nbChar) {
	//Number of bytes we'll have read
	DWORD bytesRead;
	//Number of bytes we'll really ask to read
	unsigned int toRead;

	//Use the ClearCommError function to get status info on the Serial port
	ClearCommError(this->hSerial, &this->errors, &this->status);

	//Check if there is something to read
	if (this->status.cbInQue > 0)
	{
		//If there is we check if there is enough data to read the required number
		//of characters, if not we'll read only the available characters to prevent
		//locking of the application.
		if (this->status.cbInQue > nbChar)
		{
			toRead = nbChar;
		}
		else
		{
			toRead = this->status.cbInQue;
		}

		//Try to read the require number of chars, and return the number of read bytes on success
		if (ReadFile(this->hSerial, buffer, toRead, &bytesRead, NULL))
		{
			return bytesRead;
		}

	}

	//If nothing has been read, or that an error was detected return 0
	return 0;
}

bool Serial::WriteData(char *buffer, unsigned int nbChar) {
	DWORD bytesSend;

	//Try to write the buffer on the Serial port
	if (!WriteFile(this->hSerial, (void *)buffer, nbChar, &bytesSend, 0))
	{
		//In case it don't work get comm error and return false
		ClearCommError(this->hSerial, &this->errors, &this->status);

		return false;
	}
	else
		return true;
}

bool Serial::IsConnected() {
	//Simply return the connection status
	return this->connected;
}

main.cpp (修改后没有调试，可能有bug)

#include "Serial.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <tchar.h> 
#include <stdio.h> 
using namespace std;

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])//输入一组50以内的字符串，输出到arduino上
{
	Serial* SP = new Serial("COM3");//COM9是我的arduino2560串口，使用时要改成你自己的
	char* incomingData = " ";
	char n[50];
	int dataLength = 50;

	while (1) {
		cin >> n;
		incomingData = SP->ReadData();
		SP->WriteData(incomingData, dataLength);
		cout << incomingData << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}