简单工厂模式

核心词

解决对象的创建问题。

模式 UML 图

实例代码（TypeScript）

// 运算类
class Operation {
  protected _numberA: number;
  protected _numberB: number;

  public getNmberA(): number {
    return this._numberA;
  }

  public getNumberB(): number {
    return this._numberB;
  }

  public setNumberA(val: number): void {
    this._numberA = val;
  }

  public setNumberB(val: number): void {
    this._numberB = val;
  }

  public GetResult(): number {
    const result: number = 0;
    return result;
  }
}

// 加法类
class OperationAdd extends Operation {
  public GetResult(): number {
    let result = 0;
    result = this._numberA + this._numberB;
    return result;
  }
}

// 减法类
class OperationSub extends Operation {
  public GetResult(): number {
    let result = 0;
    result = this._numberA - this._numberB;
    return result;
  }
}

// 乘法类
class OperationMul extends Operation {
  public GetResult(): number {
    let result = 0;
    result = this._numberA * this._numberB;
    return result;
  }
}

// 除法类
class OperationDiv extends Operation {
  public GetResult(): number {
    let result = 0;

    if (!this._numberB) {
      throw new Error("除数不能为0");
    } else {
      result = this._numberA / this._numberB;
    }

    return result;
  }
}

class OperationFactory {
  public static createOperation(operate: string): Operation {
    let oper;

    switch (operate) {
      case "+":
        oper = new OperationAdd();
        break;
      case "-":
        oper = new OperationSub();
        break;
      case "*":
        oper = new OperationMul();
        break;
      case "/":
        oper = new OperationDiv();
        break;
    }

    return oper;
  }
}

const oper = OperationFactory.createOperation("+");
oper.setNumberA(1);
oper.setNumberB(2);
const result = oper.GetResult();

总结

从上述例子我们可以看到，我们的计算业务里面包含了加、减、乘和除的业务实例，而这些实例的功能和创建都是一样的，只是业务核心处理不一样，所以我们采用建东工厂模式的话，就可以把这些业务代码集中起来进行管理和维护。

所以简单工厂模式的核心思想就是把业务功能全部集中到工厂中，通过工厂创建对应的业务实例来实现业务功能，而这些业务功能的共同点都是业务功能类似、输入和输出参数保持一致这样才行。