iOS AVFoundation实现相机功能

  首先导入头文件

#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>

 导入头文件后创建几个相机必须实现的对象

     /**
     *  AVCaptureSession对象来执行输入设备和输出设备之间的数据传递
     */
    @property (nonatomic, strong) AVCaptureSession* session;
      /**
       *  输入设备
       */
    @property (nonatomic, strong) AVCaptureDeviceInput* videoInput;
      /**
       *  照片输出流
       */
    @property (nonatomic, strong) AVCaptureStillImageOutput* stillImageOutput;
      /**
       *  预览图层
       */
    @property (nonatomic, strong) AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer* previewLayer;

AVCaptureSession控制输入和输出设备之间的数据传递
AVCaptureDeviceInput调用所有的输入硬件。例如摄像头和麦克风
AVCaptureStillImageOutput用于输出图像
AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer镜头捕捉到得预览图层

 在viewDidLoad里面初始化所有对象

- (void)initAVCaptureSession{

self.session = [[AVCaptureSession alloc] init];

NSError *error;

AVCaptureDevice *device = [AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];

//更改这个设置的时候必须先锁定设备，修改完后再解锁，否则崩溃
[device lockForConfiguration:nil];
//设置闪光灯为自动
[device setFlashMode:AVCaptureFlashModeAuto];
[device unlockForConfiguration];

self.videoInput = [[AVCaptureDeviceInput alloc] initWithDevice:device error:&error];
if (error) {
    NSLog(@"%@",error);
}
self.stillImageOutput = [[AVCaptureStillImageOutput alloc] init];
//输出设置。AVVideoCodecJPEG   输出jpeg格式图片
NSDictionary * outputSettings = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjectsAndKeys:AVVideoCodecJPEG,AVVideoCodecKey, nil];
[self.stillImageOutput setOutputSettings:outputSettings];

if ([self.session canAddInput:self.videoInput]) {
    [self.session addInput:self.videoInput];
}
if ([self.session canAddOutput:self.stillImageOutput]) {
    [self.session addOutput:self.stillImageOutput];
}

//初始化预览图层
self.previewLayer = [[AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer alloc] initWithSession:self.session];
[self.previewLayer setVideoGravity:AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect];
NSLog(@"%f",kMainScreenWidth);
self.previewLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0,kMainScreenWidth, kMainScreenHeight - 64);
self.backView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;
[self.backView.layer addSublayer:self.previewLayer];
 }

 然后在ViewWillAppear、ViewDidDisappear方法里开启和关闭session

- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{

    [super view