$('input[name="courseType"][checked]').val();
<div class="class-type">
<input type="radio" class="cost-free courseTypeBtn" name="courseType" value="FREE" checked id="free"> <em class="slect-1">免费</em><span>所有用户均可免费观看!</span>
</div>
<div class="class-type type-left">
<input type="radio" class="pay-cost courseTypeBtn" name="courseType" value="PAY" > <em class="slect-1">收费</em>
$("input:radio[name='courseType']:checked").val();