Linux网络设备loopback概述

Linux网络处理流程概述

本文主要是学习了解一下整个Linux网络中loopback的原理，代码基于5.17版本。

网络子系统初始化

在Linux启动的过程中，会初始化网络子系统从而来完成网卡上面的网络包的接受和发送。

/*
 *	Initialize the DEV module. At boot time this walks the device list and
 *	unhooks any devices that fail to initialise (normally hardware not
 *	present) and leaves us with a valid list of present and active devices.
 *
 */

/*
 *       This is called single threaded during boot, so no need
 *       to take the rtnl semaphore.
 */
static int __init net_dev_init(void)
{
   
	int i, rc = -ENOMEM;

	BUG_ON(!dev_boot_phase);

	if (dev_proc_init())
		goto out;

	if (netdev_kobject_init())
		goto out;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ptype_all);
	for (i = 0; i < PTYPE_HASH_SIZE; i++)   // 注册十六个类型的队列
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ptype_base[i]);

	if (register_pernet_subsys(&netdev_net_ops))
		goto out;

	/*
	 *	Initialise the packet receive queues.
	 */

	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
       // 给每个cpu初始化包的接受队列 
		struct work_struct *flush = per_cpu_ptr(&flush_works, i);
		struct softnet_data *sd = &per_cpu(softnet_data, i);

		INIT_WORK(flush, flush_backlog);

		skb_queue_head_init(&sd->input_pkt_queue);
		skb_queue_head_init(&sd->process_queue);