Java使用XPath解析XML

XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8"?>

<bookstore> 
  <book> 
    <title lang="USA">Harry Potter1</title>  
    <author>J K. Rowling1</author>  
    <year>20051</year>  
    <price>1000</price> 
  </book>  
  <book> 
    <title lang="cn">Harry Potter2</title>  
    <author>J K. Rowling2</author>  
    <year>20052</year>  
    <price>29.992</price> 
  </book>  
  <book> 
    <title lang="zn">Harry Potter3</title>  
    <author>J K. Rowling3</author>  
    <year>20053</year>  
    <price>29.993</price> 
  </book> 
</bookstore>

java代码：

package xpath;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class XPath {
	private Document document;
	private Node node;
	private static File file=null;

	static{
		file=new File("src/xpath/bookstore.xml");
	}
	
	@Before
	public void before(){
		try {
			document=new SAXReader().read(file);
		} catch (DocumentException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	@Test
	public void test1(){
		System.out.println(document);
	}
	/**
	 * 获取根节点
	 */
	@Test
	public void test2(){
		List<Node> nodes = document.selectNodes("/bookstore");
		System.out.println(nodes);
	}
	/**
	 * 选取 bookstore 元素的所有子节点
	 */
	@Test
	public void test3(){
		List<Node> nodes = document.selectNodes("bookstore/book");
		System.out.println(nodes);
	}
	/**
	 * 选取名为 lang 的所有属性
	 * 选取名为 lang='en' 的所元素
	 */
	@Test
	public void test4(){
		List<Node> nodes = document.selectNodes("//@lang");
		for(Node node:nodes){
			System.out.println(node.getText());
		}
		Node node = document.selectSingleNode("//title[@lang='en']");
		System.out.println(node.getText());
	}
	/**
	 * 选取属于 bookstore 子元素的第一个 book 元素
	 */
	@Test
	public void test5(){
		List<Node> nodes = document.selectNodes("/bookstore/book[1]");
		System.out.println(nodes);
	}
	/**
	 * 选取属于 bookstore 子元素的第一个 book 元素的author值
	 */
	@Test
	public void test6(){
		Node node = document.selectSingleNode("/bookstore/book[1]/author");
		System.out.println(node.getText());
	}
	/**
	 * 选取属于 bookstore 子元素price 大于book 价格大于29.991的 book元素 
	 */
	@Test
	public void test7(){
		List<Node> nodes = document.selectNodes("/bookstore/book[price>29.991]");
		for(Node node:nodes){
			System.out.println(node.selectSingleNode("author").getText());
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 选取属于 bookstore 子元素的 book 价格大于29.991 元素的author值
	 */
	@Test
	public void test8(){
		List<Node> nodes = document.selectNodes("/bookstore/book[price>29.991]/author");
		for(Node node:nodes){
			System.out.println(node.getText());
		}
	}
		/**
		 * 选取属于 bookstore 中author为J K. Rowling1的价格
		 */
		@Test
		public void test9(){
			Node node = document.selectSingleNode("/bookstore/book[author='J K. Rowling1']/price");
			System.out.println(node.getText());
		}
		/**
		 * 修改属于 bookstore 中author为J K. Rowling1的价格
		 */
		@Test
		public void test10(){
			Node node = document.selectSingleNode("/bookstore/book[author='J K. Rowling1']/price");
			node.setText("1000");
		}
		/**
		 * 修改属性值
		 */
		@Test
		public void test11(){
			Element element= (Element)document.selectSingleNode("//title[@lang='China']");
			element.setAttributeValue("lang", "China");
			//或下面这种方法
			Attribute attribute = element.attribute("lang");
			attribute.setValue("USA");
		}
		
		/**
		 * 写入
		 */
		@After
		public void after(){
			try {
				FileOutputStream fos=new FileOutputStream(file);
				OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
				format.setEncoding("utf8");
				XMLWriter writer=new XMLWriter(fos,format);
				writer.write(document);
				writer.close();
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
}