JDK动态代理源码阅读（代理类生成与缓存分析）
JDK动态代理的关键：
- 代理类字节码生成
- 将代理类字节码加载到虚拟机中
Proxy类中的newProxyInstance方法：
public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,
Class<?>[] interfaces,
InvocationHandler h)
throws IllegalArgumentException
{
//指定对象的引用是否为空
Objects.requireNonNull(h);
final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone();
//进行安全检查
final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs);
}
/*
* Look up or generate the designated proxy class.
*寻找或生成指定的代理类
*/
Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);
/*
* Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler.
*用指定的Invacation handler调用它的构造函数
*/
try {
if (sm != null) {
checkNewProxyPermission(Reflection.getCallerClass(), cl);
}
//获得代理类的构造函数
final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);
final InvocationHandler ih = h;
//构造函数是否为私有
if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
public Void run() {
//设置其可访问
cons.setAccessible(true);
return null;
}
});
}
//返回代理类的对象
return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});
} catch (IllegalAccessException|InstantiationException e) {
throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e);
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
Throwable t = e.getCause();
if (t instanceof RuntimeException) {
throw (RuntimeException) t;
} else {
throw new InternalError(t.toString(), t);
}
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e);
}
}
Proxy类中的getProxyClass0方法：
private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader,
Class<?>... interfaces) {
//检查被代理类的接口数量是否大于65535
if (interfaces.length > 65535) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded");
}
// If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing
// the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy;
//如果给定的接口数组存在，将从缓存中返回代理类的Class对象
// otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory
//否则，将通过ProxyClassFactory产生代理类的Class对象
return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces);
}
WeakCache类中的get方法：
WeakCache继承了WeakReference即弱引用
原因：使用cache时,由于cache对象正式程序运行所需要的，那么只要程序，cache中的引用就不会被GC
回收（cache中的引用拥有和主程序一样的生命周期），对着引用越来越多，但GC却无法回收，导致内存溢出
解决：cache中使用弱引用。弱引用的特点，当一个对象被弱引用指向时，如果GC运行，就会将该对象回收
使用弱引用：
Object obj = new Object();
WeakReference<Object> weakObj = new WeakReference(Object)(obj);
判断弱引用是否被回收：
weakObj.get();
public V get(K key, P parameter) {
//接口数组是否为空
Objects.requireNonNull(parameter);
//删除旧的条目
expungeStaleEntries();
//当key为null时，返回一个Object代替null,否则返回new CacheKey<>(key, refQueue)
Object cacheKey = CacheKey.valueOf(key, refQueue);
// lazily install the 2nd level valuesMap for the particular cacheKey
//延迟加载二级缓存对于指定的cacheKey
//支持null键的map private final ConcurrentMap<Object, ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>>>
ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> valuesMap = map.get(cacheKey);
if (valuesMap == null) {
//putIfAbsent方法，如果map中存在该key，则返回返回该key对应的对象，不存在则将该对象加入到map中
ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>> oldValuesMap
= map.putIfAbsent(cacheKey,
valuesMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>());
if (oldValuesMap != null) {
valuesMap = oldValuesMap;
}
}
// create subKey and retrieve the possible Supplier<V> stored by that
// subKey from valuesMap
//创建一个subKey,并从keyFactory中检索subKey,此时的apply是keyFactory中的apply方法
Object subKey = Objects.requireNonNull(subKeyFactory.apply(key, parameter));
//通过subKey获得Supplier<V>
Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
Factory factory = null;
while (true) {
if (supplier != null) {
// supplier might be a Factory or a CacheValue<V> instance
//supplier可以是一个工程或是CacheValue<V>的实例
V value = supplier.get();//WeakCache.Factory.get()
if (value != null) {
return value;
}
}
// else no supplier in cache
//cache中没有supplier
// or a supplier that returned null (could be a cleared CacheValue
// or a Factory that wasn't successful in installing the CacheValue)
//返回的supplier为null（可能是一个清空了的CacheValue，或是一个没有被成功装入在CacheValue的工厂）
// lazily construct a Factory
//延迟构建一个工厂
if (factory == null) {
factory = new Factory(key, parameter, subKey, valuesMap);
}
if (supplier == null) {
supplier = valuesMap.putIfAbsent(subKey, factory);
if (supplier == null) {
// successfully installed Factory
//成功装入的工厂
supplier = factory;
}
// else retry with winning supplier
} else {
//不为空将valuesMap中的节点替换
if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, supplier, factory)) {
// successfully replaced
// cleared CacheEntry / unsuccessful Factory
// with our Factory
supplier = factory;
} else {
// retry with current supplier
supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
}
}
}
}
WeakCache.Factory.get()
@Override
public synchronized V get() { // serialize access序列化访问
// re-check
Supplier<V> supplier = valuesMap.get(subKey);
if (supplier != this) {
// something changed while we were waiting:
// might be that we were replaced by a CacheValue
// or were removed because of failure ->
// return null to signal WeakCache.get() to retry
// the loop
return null;
}
// else still us (supplier == this)
// create new value
V value = null;
try {
value = Objects.requireNonNull(valueFactory.apply(key, parameter));
} finally {
if (value == null) { // remove us on failure
valuesMap.remove(subKey, this);
}
}
// the only path to reach here is with non-null value
assert value != null;
// wrap value with CacheValue (WeakReference)
//使用弱引用包装生成的代理类
CacheValue<V> cacheValue = new CacheValue<>(value);
// try replacing us with CacheValue (this should always succeed)
if (valuesMap.replace(subKey, this, cacheValue)) {
// put also in reverseMap
//将cacheValue成功放入二级缓存后, 再对它进行标记
reverseMap.put(cacheValue, Boolean.TRUE);
} else {
throw new AssertionError("Should not reach here");
}
// successfully replaced us with new CacheValue -> return the value
// wrapped by it
return value;
}
}
ProxyClassFactory.apply()
@Override
public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {
Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
/*
* Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this
* interface to the same Class object.
*检验类加载器是否加载了和和接口相同名称的Class对象
*/
Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
try {
interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
}
if (interfaceClass != intf) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
intf + " is not visible from class loader");
}
/*
* Verify that the Class object actually represents an
* interface.
*验证这个Class对象是否为一个接口
*/
if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
}
/*
* Verify that this interface is not a duplicate.
*验证此接口是不是一个副本
*/
//如果没有键映射则返回null
if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
}
}
String proxyPkg = null; // package to define proxy class in
int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL; //或运算访问修饰符 accssFlags 00000011
/*
* Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the
* proxy class will be defined in the same package. Verify that
* all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package.
*记录一个非公共代理接口的包，以便代理类将在同一个包中定义。验证
* 所有非公共代理接口都在同一个包中。
*/
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
int flags = intf.getModifiers();
if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL;
String name = intf.getName();
int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
if (proxyPkg == null) {
proxyPkg = pkg;
} else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"non-public interfaces from different packages");
}
}
}
if (proxyPkg == null) {
// if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
//如果没有非公共代理接口，请使用com.sun.proxy 包
proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
}
/*
* Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
*生成代理类的名字
*/
long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;
/*
* Generate the specified proxy class.
*生成指定的代理类
*/
byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
try {
return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
} catch (ClassFormatError e) {
/*
* A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the
* proxy class generation code) there was some other
* invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy
* class creation (such as virtual machine limitations
* exceeded).
*/
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
}
}
ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass()
public class ProxyGenerator_generateClassFile {
private byte[] generateClassFile() {
/* ============================================================
* Step 1: Assemble ProxyMethod objects for all methods to generate proxy dispatching code for.
* 步骤1：为所有方法生成代理调度代码，将代理方法对象集合起来。
*/
//增加 hashcode、equals、toString方法
addProxyMethod(hashCodeMethod, Object.class);
addProxyMethod(equalsMethod, Object.class);
addProxyMethod(toStringMethod, Object.class);
//增加接口方法
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
for (Method m : intf.getMethods()) {
addProxyMethod(m, intf);
}
}
/*
* 验证方法签名相同的一组方法，返回值类型是否相同；意思就是重写方法要方法签名和返回值一样
*/
for (List<ProxyMethod> sigmethods : proxyMethods.values()) {
checkReturnTypes(sigmethods);
}
/* ============================================================
* Step 2: Assemble FieldInfo and MethodInfo structs for all of fields and methods in the class we are generating.
* 为类中的方法生成字段信息和方法信息
*/
try {
//增加构造方法
methods.add(generateConstructor());
for (List<ProxyMethod> sigmethods : proxyMethods.values()) {
for (ProxyMethod pm : sigmethods) {
// add static field for method's Method object
fields.add(new FieldInfo(pm.methodFieldName,
"Ljava/lang/reflect/Method;",
ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_STATIC));
// generate code for proxy method and add it
methods.add(pm.generateMethod());
}
}
//增加静态初始化信息
methods.add(generateStaticInitializer());
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new InternalError("unexpected I/O Exception", e);
}
if (methods.size() > 65535) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("method limit exceeded");
}
if (fields.size() > 65535) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("field limit exceeded");
}
/* ============================================================
* Step 3: Write the final class file.
* 步骤3：编写最终类文件
*/
/*
* Make sure that constant pool indexes are reserved for the following items before starting to write the final class file.
* 在开始编写最终类文件之前，确保为下面的项目保留常量池索引。
*/
cp.getClass(dotToSlash(className));
cp.getClass(superclassName);
for (Class<?> intf: interfaces) {
cp.getClass(dotToSlash(intf.getName()));
}
/*
* Disallow new constant pool additions beyond this point, since we are about to write the final constant pool table.
* 设置只读，在这之前不允许在常量池中增加信息，因为要写常量池表
*/
cp.setReadOnly();
ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
DataOutputStream dout = new DataOutputStream(bout);
try {
// u4 Class文件魔数;
dout.writeInt(0xCAFEBABE);
// u2 次要版本;
dout.writeShort(CLASSFILE_MINOR_VERSION);
// u2 主版本
dout.writeShort(CLASSFILE_MAJOR_VERSION);
cp.write(dout); // (write constant pool)
// u2 访问标识;
dout.writeShort(accessFlags);
// u2 本类名;
dout.writeShort(cp.getClass(dotToSlash(className)));
// u2 父类名;
dout.writeShort(cp.getClass(superclassName));
// u2 接口;
dout.writeShort(interfaces.length);
// u2 interfaces[interfaces_count];
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
dout.writeShort(cp.getClass(
dotToSlash(intf.getName())));
}
// u2 字段;
dout.writeShort(fields.size());
// field_info fields[fields_count];
for (FieldInfo f : fields) {
f.write(dout);
}
// u2 方法;
dout.writeShort(methods.size());
// method_info methods[methods_count];
for (MethodInfo m : methods) {
m.write(dout);
}
// u2 类文件属性：对于代理类来说没有类文件属性;
dout.writeShort(0); // (no ClassFile attributes for proxy classes)
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new InternalError("unexpected I/O Exception", e);
}
return bout.toByteArray();
}
}
JDK动态代理在生成代理类是时，会先在proxyClassCache的缓存中寻找是否存在该代理类，如果存在就返回，没有就会生成相应的代理类
缓存结构：
ConcurrentMap<Object, ConcurrentMap<Object, Supplier<V>>> map =
new ConcurrentHashMap<>()
key为一级缓存，value为二级缓存
key 的为cacheKey，类型CacheKey
二级缓存key为subkey,value为Supplier，里面存储了Class对象
二级缓存key的subKey，类型为object且支持null(使用Object代替null)
二级缓存key工厂：
private final BiFunction<K, P, ?> subKeyFactory;
二级缓存value工厂：
private final BiFunction<K, P, V> valueFactory;
Object cacheKey = CacheKey.valueOf(key, refQueue);
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
根据类加载器可引用对列返回cacheKey
static <K> Object valueOf(K key, ReferenceQueue<K> refQueue) {
return key == null
// null key means we can't weakly reference it,
// so we use a NULL_KEY singleton as cache key
? NULL_KEY
// non-null key requires wrapping with a WeakReference
: new CacheKey<>(key, refQueue);
}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
private CacheKey(K key, ReferenceQueue<K> refQueue) {
super(key, refQueue);
this.hash = System.identityHashCode(key); // compare by identity
}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
调用subKeyFactory生成subKey:
Object subKey = Objects.requireNonNull(subKeyFactory.apply(key, parameter));
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
public Object apply(ClassLoader classLoader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {
switch (interfaces.length) {
case 1: return new Key1(interfaces[0]); // the most frequent
case 2: return new Key2(interfaces[0], interfaces[1]);
case 0: return key0;
default: return new KeyX(interfaces);
}
}
根据类加载器和接口数组返回subKey
case 1 : 一个接口
case 2 : 2个接口
case 0 : 0个接口
default 多个接口
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Key1类：
private static final class Key1 extends WeakReference<Class<?>> {
private final int hash;
Key1(Class<?> intf) {
super(intf);
this.hash = intf.hashCode();
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return hash;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
Class<?> intf;
return this == obj ||
obj != null &&
obj.getClass() == Key1.class &&
(intf = get()) != null &&
intf == ((Key1) obj).get();
}
}
Key2,KeyX。。。。
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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