Mybatis 简介

MyBatis
1.Mybatis 简介

MyBatis 本是apache的一个开源项目iBatis, 2010年这个项目由apache software foundation 迁移到了google code,并且改名为MyBatis 201311月迁移到Github

iBATIS一词来源于“internet”“abatis”的组合,是一个基于Java持久层框架。iBATIS提供的持久层框架包括SQL MapsData Access ObjectsDAO

 

MyBatis 是支持普通 SQL查询,存储过程和高级映射的优秀持久层框架。MyBatis 消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及结果集的检索。MyBatis 使用简单的 XML或注解用于配置和原始映射,将接口和 Java POJOsPlain Old Java Objects,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录

 

JDBC>dbutils(或手动封装jdbc工具类)>MyBatis>Hibernate

 

MyBatis 一个半自动的持久层框架(ORM框架)

 

SSM:

spring     spring MVC      Mybatis(Ibatis)

  

2.MyBatis入门

    2.1  导入MyBatis jar


           MyBatis.jar

           数据库驱动包

 

2.2 创建数据库

2.3 Mybatis的配置文件

                 hibernate相同  也是两类配置文件

 

总体配置文件

通常情况 src/configuration.xml

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"

"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

 

    <!-- 引入资源文件 -->

    <properties resource="db.properties"></properties>

 

    <!--

       development   开发模式

       work          工作模式

    

     -->

    

<environments default="development">

<environment id="development">

<transactionManager type="JDBC" />

                       <!-- MANAGED -->

<dataSource type="POOLED">

<property name="driver" value="${driver_class}" />

<property name="url" value="${url}" />

<property name="username" value="${username}" />

<property name="password" value="${password}" />

</dataSource>

</environment>

</environments>

<mappers>

<mapper resource="domain/UserMapper.xml" />

</mappers>

</configuration>

 

 

映射文件

                  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"

"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

 

 

<mapper namespace="domain.UserMapper">

 

<select id="selectUser" parameterType="int" resultType="domain.User">

select * from user where id = #{id}

</select>

</mapper>    

 

 

关于在总体文件中起别名

<typeAliases>

         <!--  

        <typeAlias alias="User" type="com.zrgk.domain.User" />

        -->

        <package name="com.zrgk.domain"></package>

</typeAliases>



 2.4测试类的编写

 

Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("configuration.xml");

SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);

 

SqlSession session = sessionFactory.openSession();

User user = (User)session.selectOne("selectUser",1);

System.out.println(user.getId()+"\t"+user.getName()+"\t"+user.getAge()+"\t"+user.getBirthday());

session.close();


 

3UserCRUD操作

 

  <!-- 添加 -->

<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="User">

   insert into user values(null,#{name},#{age},#{birthday})

</insert>

 

parameterType    参数类型

#{name}  #{age}  #{birthday}

 name,age,birthday User的属性

 

<!-- 更新 -->

<update id="updateUser" parameterType="User">

    update user set name=#{name},age=#{age},birthday=#{birthday} where id=#{id}

</update>

<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="User">

    delete from user where id=#{id}

</delete>

 

 

  <!-- 根据主键查询 -->

<select id="selectUser" parameterType="int" resultType="User">

select * from user where id = #{id}

</select>

 

#{id}  ---- 这个括号中不是一定写 id,因为参数是 int类型

resultType   查询结果的类型

 


 关于参数类型:

 

对于普通的 Java 类型,有许多内建的类型别名。它们都是大小写不敏感的,由于重载

的名字,要注意原生类型的特殊处理。



4.使用like 查询

   <!-- 根据名字查询  使用like -->

<select id="selectUserByName" parameterType="string" resultType="User">

   select * from user where name like "%"#{name}"%"

   <!--  

      select * from user where name  like '%'||#{name}||'%'

       -->

      

</select>

5.动态SQL

   

   <!-- 条件查询 -->

<select id="selectUserByCondition" parameterType="User" resultType="User">

 

   <!--

   select * from user where 1=1

   <if test='name !=null and name!=""'>

      and name like "%"#{name}"%"

   </if>

   <if test="age !=0">

      and age = #{age}

   </if>

   

   <if test="birthday !=null">

      and birthday = #{birthday}

   </if>

    -->

    

    

    select * from user

    <where>

       <if test='name !=null and name!=""'>

          name like "%"#{name}"%"

       </if>

        <if test="age !=0">

          and age = #{age}

        </if>

   

        <if test="birthday !=null">

          and  birthday = #{birthday}

        </if>

    </where>

   

</select>

 

   也可以使用

       <choose> <when> <otherwise>

 

 

 

 

<set>动态更新

<update id="dynamicUpdate" parameterType="User">  

    update user  

    <set>  

        <if test="name != null">  

            name = #{name},  

        </if>  

        <if test="age != 0">  

            age = #{age},  

        </if>  

        <if test="birthday != birthday">  

            birthday = #{ birthday }  

        </if>  

    </set>  

    where id = #{id}  

</update>

 

 

<forEach>:

 

foreach的主要用在构建in条件中,它可以在SQL语句中进行迭代一个集合。foreach元素的属性主要有itemindexcollectionopenseparatorcloseitem表示集合中每一个元素进行迭代时的别名,index指定一个名字,用于表示在迭代过程中,每次迭代到的位置,open表示该语句以什么开始,separator表示在每次进行迭代之间以什么符号作为分隔符,close表示以什么结束,在使用foreach的时候最关键的也是最容易出错的就是collection属性,该属性是必须指定的,但是在不同情况下,该属性的值是不一样的,主要有一下3种情况:

1. 如果传入的是单参数且参数类型是一个List的时候,collection属性值为list

2. 如果传入的是单参数且参数类型是一个array数组的时候,collection的属性值为array

3. 如果传入的参数是多个的时候,我们就需要把它们封装成一个Map了,当然单参数也可以封装成map,实际上如果你在传入参数的时候,在MyBatis里面也是会把它封装成一个Map的,mapkey就是参数名,所以这个时候collection属性值就是传入的Listarray对象在自己封装的map里面的key

 

 

 

1 参数是list

<select id="dynamicForeachTest" resultType="User" parameterType="java.util.List">  

    select * from user where id in  

    <foreach collection="list" index="index" item="item" open="(" separator="," close=")">  

        #{item}  

    </foreach>  

</select>

 

2 参数是数组

<select id="dynamicForeachTest2" resultType="User">  

    select * from user where id in  

    <foreach collection="array" index="index" item="item" open="(" separator="," close=")">  

        #{item}  

    </foreach>  

</select>

 

参数Map

<select id="dynamicForeachTest3" resultType="User">  

    select * from user where name like "%"#{name}"%" and id in  

    <foreach collection="ids" index="index" item="item" open="(" separator="," close=")">  

        #{item}  

    </foreach>  

</select>


 

 

6.字段名和实体属性名不同

 

解决方式一:起别名

<!-- 根据主键查询 字段名和属性名不同   -->

<select id="selectPerson" parameterType="int" resultType="Person">

select id personId,name personName,age personAge from person where id = #{id}

</select>

 

 

解决方式二: 使用resultMap

<select id="selectPerson2" parameterType="int" resultMap="personMap">

select * from person where id = #{id}

</select>

<resultMap type="Person" id="personMap">

     <id  property="personId" column="id"/>

     <result property="personName" column="name"/>

     <result property="personAge" column="age"/>

</resultMap>

 

 

7 关联关系映射

一对多 多对一

 

     <!-- one2many 方式一:使用连接查询 -->

      

     <select id="selectDeptWithEmp1" resultMap="deptMapWithEmp1" parameterType="int">

          select d.id as dept_id,d.name as dept_name,e.id emp_id,e.name emp_name,dept_id from dept d,emp e where d.id = e.dept_id and d.id=#{id}

     </select> 

      

     <resultMap type="Dept" id="deptMapWithEmp1">

         <id property="id" column="dept_id" />

         <result property="name" column="dept_name" />

         <collection property="empList" ofType="Emp">

             <id property="id" column="emp_id" />

             <result property="name" column="emp_name" />

         </collection>

     </resultMap>

     

     <!-- one2many 方式一:使用连接查询 -->

    

     

     

     <!-- one2many 方式二:使用两次查询 -->

     <select id="selectDeptWithEmp2" resultMap="deptMapWithEmp2" parameterType="int">

          select id,name from dept where id=#{id}

     </select>

     

     <resultMap type="Dept" id="deptMapWithEmp2">

         <id property="id" column="dept_id" />

         <result property="name" column="dept_name" />

         <collection property="empList" column="id" select="selectEmpForDept"></collection>

     </resultMap>

     

     

     <select id="selectEmpForDept" resultType="Emp" parameterType="int">

       select * from emp where dept_id=#{id}

     </select>

     <!-- one2many 方式二:使用两次查询 -->

 

 

 

    <!-- many2one 方式一:使用连接查询-->

      <select id="selectEmpWithDept1" parameterType="int" resultMap="empMapWithDept1">

         select e.id emp_id,e.name emp_name,d.id dept_id,d.name dept_name,dept_id from emp e,dept d where e.dept_id=d.id and e.id=#{id}

      </select>

      

      <resultMap type="Emp" id="empMapWithDept1">

          <id property="id" column="emp_id" />

          <result property="name" column="emp_name" />

          <association property="dept" javaType="Dept">

              <id property="id" column="dept_id" />

              <result property="name" column="dept_name" />

          </association>

      </resultMap>

  

<!-- many2one 方式一:使用连接查询-->

<!-- many2one 方式二:使用两次查询-->

    <select id="selectEmpWithDept2" parameterType="int" resultMap="empMapWithDept2">

             select e.id emp_id,e.name emp_name,dept_id from emp e where e.id=#{id}

        </select>

        

        <resultMap type="Emp" id="empMapWithDept2">

          <id property="id" column="emp_id" />

          <result property="name" column="emp_name" />

          <association property="dept" column="dept_id" select="selectDeptForEmp"></association>

      </resultMap>

      

      <select id="selectDeptForEmp" parameterType="int" resultType="Dept">

         select * from dept where id=#{id}

      </select>

<!-- many2one 方式二:使用两次查询-->

 

一对一:

 

    <!--   1:1  连接查询-->

     <select id="selectHusbandWithWife" parameterType="int" resultMap="HusbandMapWithWife">

          select h.id husband_id,h.name husband_name,w.id wife_id, w.name wife_name from husband h,wife w

          where h.id =w.id and h.id=#{id}

     </select> 

    

     <resultMap id="HusbandMapWithWife" type="Husband">

          <id property="id" column="husband_id"></id>

          <result property="name" column="husband_name"></result>

          <association property="wife" javaType="Wife">

             <id property="id" column="wife_id"></id>

            <result property="name" column="wife_name"></result>

          </association>

     </resultMap>

     <!--   1:1  连接查询-->

        

     <!-- 11 两次查询 -->

        <select id="selectHusbandWithWife2" parameterType="int" resultMap="HusbandMapWithWife2">

          select * from husband where id=#{id}

        </select>

      

      

     <resultMap id="HusbandMapWithWife2" type="Husband">

          <id property="id" column="id"></id>

          <result property="name" column="name"></result>

          <association property="wife" column="id" select="selectWifeForHusband">

          </association>

     </resultMap>

     

     <select id="selectWifeForHusband" parameterType="int" resultType="Wife">

        select * from wife where id=#{id}

     </select>

     

     <!-- 11 两次查询 -->

 

 

 

多对多:

   <!-- N:N 连接查询 -->

     <select id="selectStudentByIdWithCourse" parameterType="int" resultMap="StudentMapWithCourse">

        select s.id stu_id,s.name stu_name,c.id course_id,c.name course_name from student s ,course c,student_course sc 

        where s.id = sc.student_id and sc.course_id=c.id and s.id = #{id}

     </select>

   

     <resultMap type="Student" id="StudentMapWithCourse">

         <id property="id" column="stu_id" />

         <result property="name" column="stu_name" />

         <collection property="courseList" ofType="Course">

              <id property="id" column="course_id" />

              <result property="name" column="course_name" />

         </collection>

     </resultMap>

   <!-- N:N 连接查询 -->

   s

   

   <!-- N:N 两次查询 -->

       <select id="selectStudentByIdWithCourse2" parameterType="int" resultMap="StudentMapWithCourse2">

           select * from student where id=#{id}

       </select>

       

       <resultMap type="Student" id="StudentMapWithCourse2">

           <id property="id" column="id" />

           <result property="name" column="name" />

           <collection property="courseList" select="selectCourseForStudent" column="id"></collection>

       </resultMap>

       

       <select id="selectCourseForStudent" resultType="Course" parameterType="int">

          select c.id id,c.name name from course c,student_course sc 

          where c.id = sc.course_id and sc.student_id = #{id}

       </select>

   <!-- N:N 两次查询 -->

 

 

 

 8 Mybatis 缓存

 

Mybatis  一级缓存    SqlSession的缓存   自动开启

 

         二级缓存   SqlSessionFactory的缓存  手动开启

 

 

 

Log4J apache

 

      commons-logging.jar    通用日志记录包

 

      log4j.jar   ------------log4j的核心包

       

 src下需要一个配置文件:    log4j.xml   log4j.properties

 

 日志记录有5个级别:

 

   debug

   info

   warn

   error

   fatal

 

 

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