【K8S运维知识汇总】第2天7：安装部署主控节点服务——apiserver

部署kube-apiserver集群

集群规划

主机名			角色			ip
HDSS7-21.host.com	kube-apiserver		10.4.7.21
HDSS7-22.host.com	kube-apiserver		10.4.7.22

HDSS7-11.host.com	4层负载均衡		10.4.7.11
HDSS7-12.host.com	4层负载均衡		10.4.7.12

注意：这里10.4.7.11和10.4.7.12使用nginx做4层负载均衡器，用keepalive跑一个vip：10.4.7.10，代理两个kube-apiserver，实现高可用。

这里部署文档以HDSS7-14.host.com主机为例，另外一台运算节点部署方法类似

下载k8s二进制源码

下载软件，解压，做软连接，安装1.15.2

https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tags?after=v1.13.11-beta.0

[root@hdss7-21 ~]# cd /opt/src/

[root@localhost certs]# rz
[root@hdss7-21 src]# ls
kubernetes-server-linux-amd64-v1.15.2.tar.gz

查看文件大小并解压

[root@localhost src]# du -sh kubernetes-server-linux-amd64-v1.15.2.tar.gz 
424M	kubernetes-server-linux-amd64-v1.15.2.tar.gz


[root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64-v1.15.2.tar.gz -C /opt/
[root@hdss7-21 src]# cd ..
[root@hdss7-21 opt]# mv kubernetes/ kubernetes-v1.15.2

做软连接，方便以后更新

[root@hdss7-21 opt]# ln -s /opt/kubernetes-v1.15.2/ /opt/kubernetes
[root@hdss7-21 opt]# ll
总用量 0
drwx--x--x 4 root root  28 12月 10 14:28 containerd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  17 12月 10 16:45 etcd -> /opt/etcd-v3.1.20
drwxr-xr-x 4 etcd etcd 166 12月 10 17:43 etcd-v3.1.20
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  24 12月 10 18:33 kubernetes -> /opt/kubernetes-v1.15.2/
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  79 8月   5 18:01 kubernetes-v1.15.2
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  97 12月 10 18:29 src

[root@hdss7-21 opt]# cd kubernetes
[root@hdss7-21 kubernetes]# ls
addons  kubernetes-src.tar.gz  LICENSES  server

删除源码包

[root@hdss7-21 kubernetes]# rm -rf kubernetes-src.tar.gz 
[root@hdss7-21 kubernetes]# cd server/bin/

删除没用的文件docker镜像等

[root@localhost bin]# rm -f *.tar && rm -f *_tag
#　剩余一些可执行文件
[root@localhost bin]# ll
总用量 884636
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  43534816 8月   5 2019 apiextensions-apiserver
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 100548640 8月   5 2019 cloud-controller-manager
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 200648416 8月   5 2019 hyperkube
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  40182208 8月   5 2019 kubeadm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 164501920 8月   5 2019 kube-apiserver
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 116397088 8月   5 2019 kube-controller-manager
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  42985504 8月   5 2019 kubectl
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 119616640 8月   5 2019 kubelet
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  36987488 8月   5 2019 kube-proxy
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  38786144 8月   5 2019 kube-scheduler
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   1648224 8月   5 2019 mounter

签发证书

签发apiserver-client证书：apiserver与etc通信用的证书。
apiserver是客户端，etcd是服务端

在运维主机HDSS-200.host.com上完成签发

创建生成证书签名请求（csr）的JSON配置文件 – 此目录下有，直接上传修改，不要粘贴复制

[root@hdss7-200 ~]# cd /opt/certs/

[root@hdss7-200 ~]# vi /opt/certs/client-csr.json
{
    "CN": "k8s-node",
    "hosts": [
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "ST": "shengzhen",
            "L": "shengzhen",
            "O": "od",
            "OU": "ops"
        }
    ]
}

[root@hdss7-200 certs]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=client client-csr.json |cfssl-json -bare client

创建签名请求（csr）的JSON配置文件，apiserver，server端证书 – 直接上传

[root@hdss7-200 certs]# vi apiserver-csr.json
{
    "CN": "k8s-apiserver",
    "hosts": [
        "127.0.0.1",
        "192.168.0.1",
        "kubernetes.default",
        "kubernetes.default.svc",
        "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
        "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local",
        "10.4.7.10",
        "10.4.7.21",
        "10.4.7.22",
        "10.4.7.23"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "ST": "shengzhen",
            "L": "shengzhen",
            "O": "od",
            "OU": "ops"
        }
    ]
}

[root@hdss7-12 certs]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=server apiserver-csr.json |cfssl-json -bare apiserver

[root@hdss7-200 certs]# ll
总用量 80
total 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1257 6月  26 17:29 apiserver.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  570 6月  26 17:29 apiserver-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 6月  26 17:29 apiserver-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1602 6月  26 17:29 apiserver.pem

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  997 6月  26 17:24 client.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  284 6月  26 17:23 client-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 6月  26 17:24 client-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1371 6月  26 17:24 client.pem

拷贝证书

[root@hdss7-14 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@hdss7-21 bin]# mkdir cert
[root@hdss7-21 bin]# cd cert/

# 最后有个点，表示拷贝到当前目录
[root@hdss7-21 cert]# scp hdss7-12:/opt/certs/ca.pem . 
[root@hdss7-21 cert]# scp hdss7-12:/opt/certs/ca-key.pem .
[root@hdss7-21 cert]# scp hdss7-12:/opt/certs/client.pem .
[root@hdss7-21 cert]# scp hdss7-12:/opt/certs/client-key.pem .
[root@hdss7-21 cert]# scp hdss7-12:/opt/certs/apiserver.pem .
[root@hdss7-21 cert]# scp hdss7-12:/opt/certs/apiserver-key.pem .

# 全部复制到另外一台apiserver主机上
[root@localhost cert]# scp ./*.pem 10.4.7.200:/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/
root@10.4.7.200's password: 
scp: /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/: No such file or directory
[root@localhost cert]# scp ./*.pem 10.4.7.22:/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/cert/
The authenticity of host '10.4.7.22 (10.4.7.22)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:FuzW+BCs20gMQ9jse/bm88jvdMwwAcn274ukbLlVCSU.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:66:c8:11:5e:0b:41:fa:69:56:b7:b5:70:7d:33:9e:ad.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.4.7.22' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@10.4.7.22's password: 
apiserver-key.pem                                                                                      100% 1679   737.7KB/s   00:00    
apiserver.pem                                                                                          100% 1602   472.4KB/s   00:00    
ca-key.pem                                                                                             100% 1675   673.3KB/s   00:00    
ca.pem                                                                                                 100% 1346   811.5KB/s   00:00    
client-key.pem                                                                                         100% 1675   804.3KB/s   00:00    
client.pem   

创建启动配置脚本 apiserver的资源清单

[root@hdss7-22 cert]# cd /opt/kubernetes/server/bin
[root@hdss7-21 bin]# mkdir conf
[root@hdss7-21 bin]# cd conf/

[root@hdss7-21 conf]# vi audit.yaml
apiVersion: audit.k8s.io/v1beta1 # This is required.
kind: Policy
# Don't generate audit events for all requests in RequestReceived stage.
omitStages:
  - "RequestReceived"
rules:
  # Log pod changes at RequestResponse level
  - level: RequestResponse
    resources:
    - group: ""
      # Resource "pods" doesn't match requests to any subresource of pods,
      # which is consistent with the RBAC policy.
      resources: ["pods"]
  # Log "pods/log", "pods/status" at Metadata level
  - level: Metadata
    resources:
    - group: ""
      resources: ["pods/log", "pods/status"]

  # Don't log requests to a configmap called "controller-leader"
  - level: None
    resources:
    - group: ""
      resources: ["configmaps"]
      resourceNames: ["controller-leader"]

  # Don't log watch requests by the "system:kube-proxy" on endpoints or services
  - level: None
    users: ["system:kube-proxy"]
    verbs: ["watch"]
    resources:
    - group: "" # core API group
      resources: ["endpoints", "services"]

  # Don't log authenticated requests to certain non-resource URL paths.
  - level: None
    userGroups: ["system:authenticated"]
    nonResourceURLs:
    - "/api*" # Wildcard matching.
    - "/version"

  # Log the request body of configmap changes in kube-system.
  - level: Request
    resources:
    - group: "" # core API group
      resources: ["configmaps"]
    # This rule only applies to resources in the "kube-system" namespace.
    # The empty string "" can be used to select non-namespaced resources.
    namespaces: ["kube-system"]

  # Log configmap and secret changes in all other namespaces at the Metadata level.
  - level: Metadata
    resources:
    - group: "" # core API group
      resources: ["secrets", "configmaps"]

  # Log all other resources in core and extensions at the Request level.
  - level: Request
    resources:
    - group: "" # core API group
    - group: "extensions" # Version of group should NOT be included.

  # A catch-all rule to log all other requests at the Metadata level.
  - level: Metadata
    # Long-running requests like watches that fall under this rule will not
    # generate an audit event in RequestReceived.
    omitStages:
      - "RequestReceived"

编写启动脚本 – 直接上传
注：脚本不能包含多余的空格，且需要对照格式，否则报错

[root@hdss7-21 config]# vi /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver.sh
#!/bin/bash
./kube-apiserver \
  --apiserver-count 2 \
  --audit-log-path /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-apiserver/audit-log \
  --audit-policy-file ./conf/audit.yaml \
  --authorization-mode RBAC \
  --client-ca-file ./cert/ca.pem \
  --requestheader-client-ca-file ./cert/ca.pem \
  --enable-admission-plugins NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,MutatingAdmissionWebhook,ValidatingAdmissionWebhook,ResourceQuota \
  --etcd-cafile ./cert/ca.pem \
  --etcd-certfile ./cert/client.pem \
  --etcd-keyfile ./cert/client-key.pem \
  --etcd-servers https://10.4.7.12:2379,https://10.4.7.21:2379,https://10.4.7.22:2379 \
  --service-account-key-file ./cert/ca-key.pem \
  --service-cluster-ip-range 192.168.0.0/16 \
  --service-node-port-range 3000-29999 \
  --target-ram-mb=1024 \
  --kubelet-client-certificate ./cert/client.pem \
  --kubelet-client-key ./cert/client-key.pem \
  --log-dir  /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-apiserver \
  --tls-cert-file ./cert/apiserver.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file ./cert/apiserver-key.pem \
  --v 2
 

查看帮助命令，查看每行的意思

[root@hdss7-21 bin]# ./kube-apiserver --help|grep -A 5 target-ram-mb 

添加执行权限

[root@localhost bin]# cd /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@hdss7-21 bin]# chmod +x kube-apiserver.sh

创建后台启动

# 21根据实际IP地址更改
# [program:kube-apiserver-7-21]	

[root@hdss7-21 bin]# vi /etc/supervisord.d/kube-apiserver.ini

[program:kube-apiserver-7-21]					
command=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver.sh            ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
numprocs=1                                                      ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
directory=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin                            ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
autostart=true                                                  ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
autorestart=true                                                ; retstart at unexpected quit (default: true)
startsecs=30                                                    ; number of secs prog must stay running (def. 1)
startretries=3                                                  ; max # of serial start failures (default 3)
exitcodes=0,2                                                   ; 'expected' exit codes for process (default 0,2)
stopsignal=QUIT                                                 ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
stopwaitsecs=10                                                 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
user=root                                                       ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
redirect_stderr=true                                            ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
stdout_logfile=/data/logs/kubernetes/kube-apiserver/apiserver.stdout.log        ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=64MB                                    ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
stdout_logfile_backups=4                                        ; # of stdout logfile backups (default 10)
stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB                                     ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
stdout_events_enabled=false                                     ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)

[root@hdss7-21 bin]# mkdir -p /data/logs/kubernetes/kube-apiserver

[root@hdss7-21 bin]# supervisorctl update
[root@hdss7-21 bin]# supervisorctl status
# 注：报错请直接查看日志，然后删除掉kube-apiserver.ini文件再 supervisorctl update来清除缓存，
之后重新编写ini文件，再 supervisorctl update即可

# 检查是否启动成功
[root@hdss7-21 bin]# netstat -luntp | grep kube-api
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8080          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      27303/./kube-apiser 
tcp6       0      0 :::6443                 :::*                    LISTEN      27303/./kube-apiser