前端自动化测试框架Cypress（二十二）--- 断言.should() expect()

.should() 创建断言。断言会自动重试，直到它们通过或超时。

语法

.should(chainers)
.should(chainers, value)
.should(chainers, method, value)
.should(callbackFn)

实例一

cy.get('.error').should('be.empty')                    // Assert that '.error' is empty
cy.contains('Login').should('be.visible')              // Assert that el is visible
cy.wrap({ foo: 'bar' }).its('foo').should('eq', 'bar') // Assert the 'foo' property equals 'bar'

实例二
判断元素是否可见

cy
  .get('nav')                       // yields <nav>
  .should('be.visible')             // yields <nav>

实例三
多条件断言

cy
  .get('nav')                          // yields <nav>
  .should('be.visible')                // yields <nav>
  .should('have.css', 'font-family')   // yields 'sans-serif'
  .and('match', /serif/)               // yields 'sans-serif'

实例四

cy.get(':checkbox').should('be.disabled')

实例五

cy.get('option:first').should('be.selected').then(($option) => {
  // $option is yielded
})

<div>
  <p class="text-primary">Hello World</p>
  <p class="text-danger">You have an error</p>
  <p class="text-default">Try again later</p>
</div>

cy
  .get('p')
  .should(($p) => {
    // should have found 3 elements
    expect($p).to.have.length(3)

    // make sure the first contains some text content
    expect($p.first()).to.contain('Hello World')

    // use jquery's map to grab all of their classes
    // jquery's map returns a new jquery object
    const classes = $p.map((i, el) => {
      return Cypress.$(el).attr('class')
    })

    // call classes.get() to make this a plain array
    expect(classes.get()).to.deep.eq([
      'text-primary',
      'text-danger',
      'text-default'
    ])
  })

<div class="docs-header">
  <div class="main-abc123 heading-xyz987">Introduction</div>
</div>

cy.get('.docs-header')
  .find('div')
  // .should(cb) callback function will be retried
  .should(($div) => {
    expect($div).to.have.length(1)

    const className = $div[0].className

    expect(className).to.match(/heading-/)
  })
  // .then(cb) callback is not retried,
  // it either passes or fails
  .then(($div) => {
    expect($div).to.have.text('Introduction')
  })

cy.get('.docs-header')
  .find('div')
  .should(($div) => {
    if ($div.length !== 1) {
      // you can throw your own errors
      throw new Error('Did not find 1 element')
    }

    const className = $div[0].className

    if (!className.match(/heading-/)) {
      throw new Error(`No class "heading-" in ${className}`)
    }
  })

<ul class="connectors-list">
  <li>Walk the dog</li>
  <li>Feed the cat</li>
  <li>Write JavaScript</li>
</ul>

cy.get('.connectors-list > li').should(($lis) => {
  expect($lis).to.have.length(3)
  expect($lis.eq(0)).to.contain('Walk the dog')
  expect($lis.eq(1)).to.contain('Feed the cat')
  expect($lis.eq(2)).to.contain('Write JavaScript')
})

cy.get('.connectors-list > li').should(($lis) => {
  expect($lis, '3 items').to.have.length(3)
  expect($lis.eq(0), 'first item').to.contain('Walk the dog')
  expect($lis.eq(1), 'second item').to.contain('Feed the cat')
  expect($lis.eq(2), 'third item').to.contain('Write JavaScript')
})

比较两个元素的文本值

<div class="company-details">
  <div class="title">Acme Developers</div>
  <div class="identifier">ACMEDEVELOPERS</div>
</div>

const normalizeText = (s) => s.replace(/\s/g, '').toLowerCase()

// will keep text from title element
let titleText

cy.get('.company-details')
  .find('.title')
  .then(($title) => {
    // save text from the first element
    titleText = normalizeText($title.text())
  })

cy.get('.company-details')
  .find('.identifier')
  .should(($identifier) => {
    // we can massage text before comparing
    const idText = normalizeText($identifier.text())

    // text from the title element should already be set
    expect(idText, 'ID').to.equal(titleText)
  })

使用断言链

// our subject is not changed by our first assertion,
// so we can continue to use DOM based assertions
cy.get('option:first').should('be.selected').and('have.value', 'Metallica')

等待断言通过

// Application Code
$('button').click(() => {
  $button = $(this)

  setTimeout(() => {
    $button.removeClass('inactive').addClass('active')
  }, 1000)
})

cy.get('button').click()
  .should('have.class', 'active')
  .and('not.have.class', 'inactive')

使用回调函数不会更改所生成的内容

cy
  .get('button').should(($button) => {
    expect({ foo: 'bar' }).to.deep.eq({ foo: 'bar' })

    return { foo: 'bar' } // return is ignored, .should() yields <button>
  })
  .then(($button) => {
    // do anything we want with <button>
  })

.should() 将继续重试其指定的断言，直到超时。

cy.get('input', { timeout: 10000 }).should(($input) => {
  // timeout here will be passed down to the '.should()'
  // unless an assertion throws earlier,
  // ALL of the assertions will retry for up to 10 secs
  expect($input).to.not.be('disabled')
  expect($input).to.not.have.class('error')
  expect($input).to.have.value('US')
})