Iterator模式

示例程序的类图

Aggregate接口

public interface Aggregate {
    Iterator iterator();
}

Iterator接口

public interface Iterator {
    boolean hasNext();
    Object next();
}

Book类

public class Book {
    private String name;

    public Book(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
}

BookShelf类

public class BookShelf implements Aggregate {

    private Book[] books;
    private int last = 0;

    public BookShelf(int maxsize) {
        this.books = new Book[maxsize];
    }

    public Book getBookAt(int index) {
        return books[index];
    }

    public void appendBook(Book book) {
        this.books[last] = book;
        last++;
    }

    public int getLength() {
        return last;
    }

    @Override
    public Iterator iterator() {
        return new BookShelfIterator(this);
    }
}

BookShefIterator类

public class BookShelfIterator implements Iterator {
    private BookShelf bookShelf;
    private int index;

    public BookShelfIterator(BookShelf bookShelf) {
        this.bookShelf = bookShelf;
        this.index = 0;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean hasNext() {
        if (index < bookShelf.getLength()) {
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Object next() {
        Book book = bookShelf.getBookAt(index);
        index++;
        return book;
    }
}

Main类

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookShelf bookShelf = new BookShelf(4);
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Around the World in 80 Days"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Bible"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Cinderella"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Daddy-Long-Legs"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("East of Eden"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Frankenstein"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Gulliver's Travels"));
        bookShelf.appendBook(new Book("Hamlet"));
        Iterator it = bookShelf.iterator();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            Book book = (Book) it.next();
            System.out.println(book.getName());
        }
    }
}

类和接口的功能说明

名字	说明
Aggregate	表示集合的接口
Iterator	遍历集合的接口
Book	表示书本的类
BookShelf	表示书架的类
BookShelfIterator	遍历书架的类
Main	测试程序行为的类

Iterator模式中登场的角色

1.Iterator(迭代器)

该角色负责定义按顺序逐个遍历元素的接口(API)。

2.ConcreteIterator(具体的迭代器)

该角色负责实现Iterator角色中所定义的接口(API)。

3.Aggregate(集合)

该角色负责定义创建Iterator角色的接口(API)。这个接口(API)是一个方法，会创建出“按顺序访问保存在我内部元素的人”。

4.ConcreteAggregate(具体的集合)

该角色负责实现Aggregate角色所定义的接口(API)。它会创建出具体的Iterator角色，即ConcreteAggregate角色。

Iterator模式的类图