1.创建maven工程并引入netty依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.Final</version>
</dependency>
2.创建服务器类 HttpServer
package james.gan;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.Delimiters;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
/**
* 服务端
* @author James
*/
public class HttpServer {
/**
* 服务端监听的端口地址
*/
private static final int portNumber = 7878;
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
// 监测客户端连接线程组
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
// 工作线程组
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
//服务器对象
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
// 使用NioServerSocketChannel通道
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
// Handler与Servlet中的filter很像,通过Handler可以完成通讯报文的解码编码、拦截指定的报文、
// 统一对日志错误进行处理、统一对请求进行计数、控制Handler执行与否
.childHandler(new HelloServerInitializer());
// 服务器绑定端口监听
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(portNumber).sync();
// 监听服务器关闭监听
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
// 可以简写为
/* b.bind(portNumber).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync(); */
} finally {
// 关闭资源
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
/**
* 为服务端通道预添加的inboundhandler
* @author James
*/
class HelloServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
/**
* 当新客户端连接到本服务器时调用
*/
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
//管线
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
// 以("\n")为结尾分割的 解码器
pipeline.addLast("framer", new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(8192, Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));
// 字符串解码 和 编码
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
// 自己的逻辑Handler
pipeline.addLast("handler", new HelloServerHandler());
}
}
/**
* 自身定义的处理器
* @author James
*/
class HelloServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
/**
* 接收到客户端发送过来的数据时调用
*/
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
// 收到消息直接打印输出
System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " Say : " + msg);
// 返回客户端消息 - 我已经接收到了你的消息
ctx.writeAndFlush("Received your message !\n");
}
/*
*
* 覆盖 channelActive 方法 在channel被启用的时候触发 (在建立连接的时候)
*/
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("RamoteAddress : " + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " active !");
ctx.writeAndFlush("Welcome to " + InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName() + " service!\n");
super.channelActive(ctx);
}
}
3.创建客户端类 HttpClient
package james.gan;
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.Delimiters;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
/**
* 客户端类
* @author James
*/
public class HelloClient {
/**服务器ip*/
public static String host = "127.0.0.1";
/**服务器端口号*/
public static int port = 7878;
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
//客户端
Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
b.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)//使用NioSocketChannel通道
.handler(new HelloClientInitializer());
// 连接服务端
Channel ch = b.connect(host, port).sync().channel();
// 控制台输入
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
for (;;) {
String line = in.readLine();
if (line == null) {
continue;
}
/*
* 向服务端发送在控制台输入的文本 并用"\r\n"结尾
* 之所以用\r\n结尾 是因为我们在handler中添加了 DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder 帧解码。
* 这个解码器是一个根据\n符号位分隔符的解码器。所以每条消息的最后必须加上\n否则无法识别和解码
* */
ch.writeAndFlush(line + "\r\n");
}
} finally {
// The connection is closed automatically on shutdown.关闭资源
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
class HelloClientInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
/*
* 这个地方的 必须和服务端对应上。否则无法正常解码和编码
* 数据在网络中的传输编解码
* */
pipeline.addLast("framer", new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(8192, Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
// 客户端的逻辑
pipeline.addLast("handler", new HelloClientHandler());
}
}
/**
* 自身处理器
* @author James
*/
class HelloClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
/**
* 接收消息时调用的方法
*/
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Server say : " + msg);
}
/**
* 连接服务器时调用
*/
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Client active ");
super.channelActive(ctx);
}
/**
* 关闭连接时调用
*/
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Client close ");
super.channelInactive(ctx);
}
}
一个简单的Hello World就创建成功了,对使用现在应该有了一个大概的了解,下节我们会继续对Netty中重要的类进行学习。
wait…