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在熟悉了NIO中的几个概念以后我们需要在了解一个接口,来帮助我们理解接下来的代码:
CompletionHandler<V, A> 在java.nio.channels包下,有两个方法需要我们关注:
- completed()
- failed()
顾名思义这两个方法将在某个动作或事件完成时(completed)或者失败(failed)时执行。
接下来我们需要编写服务端代码:
AsyncServer:
public class AsyncServer implements Runnable {
AsynchronousServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
AsyncServer server = new AsyncServer();
server.serverSocketChannel = AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open();
server.serverSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(9090));
new Thread(server).start();
}
@Override
public void run() {
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
serverSocketChannel.accept(this, new AcceptHanler());
try {
latch.await();
serverSocketChannel.close();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
我们在main方法里创建一个AsynchronousServerSocketChannel对象,这个对象类似于BIO里的ServerSocket。用于监听端口接受连接。
随后我们启动一个线程来监听端口。
需要提一下的是CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);。
之所以创建一个CountDownLatch倒数计数器对象(翻译可能不准确,关于该类的详细信息可在java.util.concurrent包中查看)是因为AsynchronousServerSocketChannel是异步的,为了防止程序结束我们要让代码在这停下,在实际生产环境中一般不需要这么处理。
这段代码的关键在于serverSocketChannel.accept(this, new AcceptHanler());这里,accept方法接收两个参数第一个是attachment,第二个是CompletionHandler我们监听端口,我们先来看第二个参数,很显然就是我们开头提到的对事件进程处理的对象,在服务端接受到请求时,会把请求交给该对象处理并将第一个参数attachment一并传递过去。
接下来我们看AcceptHandler的代码
AcceptHandler:
public class AcceptHanler implements CompletionHandler<AsynchronousSocketChannel,AsyncServer > {
@Override
public void completed(AsynchronousSocketChannel result, AsyncServer attachment) {
attachment.serverSocketChannel.accept(attachment, this);
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10240);
result.read(buffer, buffer, new ReadHandler(result));
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable exc, AsyncServer attachment) {
}
}
这段代码也很简单首先我们得到上段代码传递过来的attachment之后继续监听,因为我们的代码需要不断的接收客户端的请求,所以要在这里形成循环,由于accept是异步的所以不影响后面代码执行,在后面代码中我们执行read方法将数据读到buffer里,并再次实现CompletionHandler即ReadHandler同时把buffer传递到新的CompletionHandler实现里.
ReadHandler:
public class ReadHandler implements CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer> {
AsynchronousSocketChannel channel;
ReadHandler(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel) {
this.channel = channel;
}
@Override
public void completed(Integer result, ByteBuffer attachment) {
System.out.println("read give integer is: " + result);
attachment.flip();
byte[] bytes = new byte[attachment.remaining()];
attachment.get(bytes);
try {
String msg = new String(bytes, "utf-8");
System.out.println(msg);
ByteBuffer resp = ByteBuffer.allocate(10240);
resp.put("收到了".getBytes("utf-8"));
resp.flip();
channel.write(resp, resp, new WriteHandler(channel));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10240);
channel.read(buffer, buffer, this);
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {
}
}
在这里我们将buffer中数据读取到字节数组并构造成字符串打印出来,需要注意的是channel.read(buffer, buffer, this);这里。由于我们要不断从channel里读取数据所以也要重新调用read方法。
你可能会注意打这里有channel.write(resp, resp, new WriteHandler(channel));这样一段代码,和前两个CompletionHandler相同这里也实现了该接口,我把代码放出来其余就不再赘述。
WriteHandler:
public class WriteHandler implements CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer> {
AsynchronousSocketChannel channel;
public WriteHandler(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel) {
this.channel = channel;
}
@Override
public void completed(Integer result, ByteBuffer attachment) {
if (attachment.hasRemaining()) {
channel.write(attachment, attachment, this);
}
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {
}
}
到这里我们的服务端代码就编写成功了!
接下来我们来实现客户端代码,y由于和服务端代码比较相似就不再详细解释。
AsyncHandler:
public class ClientReadHandler implements CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer> {
AsynchronousSocketChannel channel;
ClientReadHandler(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel) {
this.channel = channel;
}
@Override
public void completed(Integer result, ByteBuffer attachment) {
System.out.println("read completion");
attachment.flip();
byte[] bytes = new byte[attachment.remaining()];
attachment.get(bytes);
try {
System.out.println(new String(bytes, "utf-8"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
attachment.clear();
channel.read(attachment,attachment, this);
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {
}
}
ClientReadHandler:
public class ClientReadHandler implements CompletionHandler<Integer, ByteBuffer> {
AsynchronousSocketChannel channel;
ClientReadHandler(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel) {
this.channel = channel;
}
@Override
public void completed(Integer result, ByteBuffer attachment) {
System.out.println("read completion");
attachment.flip();
byte[] bytes = new byte[attachment.remaining()];
attachment.get(bytes);
try {
System.out.println(new String(bytes, "utf-8"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
attachment.clear();
channel.read(attachment,attachment, this);
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable exc, ByteBuffer attachment) {
}
}
ConnectHandler:
public class ConnectHandler implements CompletionHandler<Void, AsynchronousSocketChannel> {
@Override
public void completed(Void result, AsynchronousSocketChannel attachment) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10240);
try {
// buffer.put("这是一个请求".getBytes());
// buffer.flip();
// attachment.write(buffer, buffer, new WriteHandler(attachment));
new HeartTask(attachment).work();
ByteBuffer resp = ByteBuffer.allocate(10240);
attachment.read(resp, resp, new ClientReadHandler(attachment));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable exc, AsynchronousSocketChannel attachment) {
}
class HeartTask {
AsynchronousSocketChannel channel;
HeartTask(AsynchronousSocketChannel channel) {
this.channel = channel;
}
public void work() {
Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
buffer.put(new Date().toString().getBytes());
buffer.flip();
channel.write(buffer, buffer, new WriteHandler(channel));
}
}, 300,3000);
}
}
}
这里我们和服务端代码不同的是我们创建了HeartTask类来模拟心跳每隔三秒就会发送一次时间,关于心跳检测的详细使用我们将在后续文章中讲到,本文就写到这里。谢谢阅读!