CodeVs天梯白银Silver题解

---

title: CodeVs天梯之Silver
date: 2017-12-28
tags:

• 天梯
• CodesVs
  categories: OI

---

CodeVs天梯之Silver

2017.12.18 By gwj1139177410

0x01排序

1. 明明的随机数

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int n, a[1010], t;
   int main(){
       cin>>n;
       for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
           int x;  cin>>x;
           if(!a[x]){ a[x]++; t++; }
       }
       cout<<t<<"\n";
       for(int i = 1; i <= 1000; i++)
           if(a[i])cout<<i<<" ";
       return 0;
   }
   

2. 排序

   #include<iostream>
   #include<algorithm>
   using namespace std;
   int n, a[100010];
   int main(){
      cin>>n;
      for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)cin>>a[i];
      sort(a,a+n);
      for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";
      return 0;
   }
   

0x02模拟

1. Cantor表

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int main(){
       int n, k=1;  cin>>n;
       //1.第n个数在第k条斜线上（前k条斜线的数的个数为等差数列）
       while((1+k)*k/2 < n)k++;
       int s = n-(1+k-1)*(k-1)/2;
       //2.偶数从上往下
       if(k%2==0)cout<<s<<"/"<<k+1-s<<"\n";
       else cout<<k+1-s<<"/"<<s<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

2. 蛇形矩阵

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int a[110][110];
   int main(){
       int n;  cin>>n;
       int tot, x, y;  a[x=n][y=n] = tot = n*n;
       while(tot > 1){
           while(y-1>=1 && !a[x][y-1])a[x][--y] = --tot;
           while(x-1>=1 && !a[x-1][y])a[--x][y] = --tot;
           while(y+1<=n && !a[x][y+1])a[x][++y] = --tot;
           while(x+1<=n && !a[x+1][y])a[++x][y] = --tot;
       }
       int ans = 0;
       for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
           for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++){
               cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
               if(i==j||i+j==n)ans += a[i][j];
           }
           cout<<"\n";
       }
       cout<<ans<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

0x03数论入门

1. 最大公约数和最小公倍数问题

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int gcd(int a, int b){return b==0?a:gcd(b,a%b);}
   int x, y, z, ans;
   int main(){
       cin>>x>>y; z=x*y;
       for(int i = 1; i <= z; i++)
           if(z%i==0 && gcd(i,z/i)==x)
               ans++;
       cout<<ans<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

2. 最大公约数

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int gcd(int a, int b){
       return !b ? a : gcd(b,a%b);
   }
   int main(){
       int x, y;  cin>>x>>y;
       cout<<gcd(x,y)<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

3. 素数判定

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int main(){
       int n;  cin>>n;
       for(int i = 2; i < n; i++)
           if(n%i==0){cout<<"\\n"; return 0;}
       cout<<"\\t";
       return 0;
   }
   

0x04进制转换

1. 十进制转m进制

   #include<iostream>
   #include<string>
   using namespace std;
   string s="0123456789ABCDEF";
   void dfs(int a, int b){
       if(a == 0)return ;
       else dfs(a/b,b);
       cout<<s[a%b];
   }
   int main(){
       int a, b;
       cin>>a>>b;
       dfs(a,b);
       return 0;
   }
   

2. m进制转十进制

   #include<iostream>
   #include<string>
   using namespace std;
   int main(){
       string s;  int m, t=1, ans=0;
       cin>>s>>m;
       for(int i = s.size()-1; i >= 0; i--){
           if(s[i]>='A'&&s[i]<='Z')ans += (s[i]-'A'+10)*t;
           else ans += (s[i]-'0')*t;
           t *= m;
       }
       cout<<ans<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

0x05递推

1. 数的计算

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   const int maxn = 1010;
   int f[maxn];
   int main(){
       int n;  cin>>n;
       for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
           f[i] = 1;  //左边不加也是一种
           for(int j = 0; j <= i/2; j++)f[i] += f[j];
       }
       cout<<f[n]<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

2. Fibonacci数列 3

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   const int maxn = 20;
   int f[maxn];
   int main(){
       int n;  cin>>n;
       f[1] = f[0] = 1;
       for(int i = 3; i <= n; i++)
           f[i%2]=f[(i-1)%2]+f[(i-2)%2];
       cout<<f[n%2];
       return 0;
   }
   

0x06递归

1. 二叉树最大宽度和高度

   #include<iostream>
   #include<algorithm>
   using namespace std;
   const int maxn = 110;
   int tree[maxn][2], higt, weigt[maxn], ww;//宽度是每一层的
   void dfs(int now, int dep){
       higt = max(higt,dep);
       ww = max(ww, weigt[dep]);
       if(tree[now][0]){ dfs(tree[now][0], dep+1); weigt[dep+1]++; }
       if(tree[now][1]){ dfs(tree[now][1], dep+1); weigt[dep+1]++; }
   }
   int main(){
       int n;  cin>>n;
       for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
           cin>>tree[i][0]>>tree[i][1];
       dfs(1, 1);
       cout<<ww+1<<" "<<higt<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

2. 递归第一次

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int f(int x){
       return x>=0 ? 5 : f(x+1)+f(x+2)+1;
   }
   int main(){
       int n;  cin>>n;
       cout<<f(n)<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

3. 3n+1问题

   //-1什么不存在的。
   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int main(){
       int T;  cin>>T;
       while(T--){
           int n, s=0;  cin>>n;
           while(n != 1){
               if(n%2==1)n = 3*n+1;
               else n = n/2;
               s++;
           }
           cout<<s<<"\n";
       }
       return 0;
   }
   

4. 二叉树的序遍历

   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   const int maxn = 110;
   int tree[maxn][2];
   void dfs1(int now){
       cout<<now<<" ";
       if(tree[now][0])dfs1(tree[now][0]);
       if(tree[now][1])dfs1(tree[now][1]);
   }
   void dfs2(int now){
       if(tree[now][0])dfs2(tree[now][0]);
       cout<<now<<" ";
       if(tree[now][1])dfs2(tree[now][1]);
   }
   void dfs3(int now){
       if(tree[now][0])dfs3(tree[now][0]);
       if(tree[now][1])dfs3(tree[now][1]);
       cout<<now<<" ";
   }
   int main(){
       int n;  cin>>n;
       for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
           cin>>tree[i][0]>>tree[i][1];
       dfs1(1);  cout<<"\n";
       dfs2(1);  cout<<"\n";
       dfs3(1);  cout<<"\n";
       return 0;
   }
   

5. 汉诺塔游戏

   //把大象装进冰箱一共需要几步。。。
   #include<iostream>
   using namespace std;
   int n, ans = 0, t;
   void f(int a, char b, char c){
       ans++;
       if(a == 1){
           if(t)cout<<a<<" from "<<b<<" to "<<c<<"\n";
           return ;
       }
       f(a-1,b,198-b-c);//1.打开冰箱门
       if(t)cout<<a<<" from "<<b<<" to "<<c<<"\n";//2.把大象装进去
       f(a-1,198-b-c,c);//关上冰箱门
   }
   int main(){
       cin>>n;
       f(n,'A','C');
       cout<<ans<<"\n";
       t = 1;
       f(n,'A','C');
       return 0;
   }