Python获取当前日期前后N天或N月的日期

注意：python3中的整除应该是//，而不是/，网上很多的都是/，在Python3中会报错:TypeError: integer argument expected got float

from time import strftime, localtime
from datetime import timedelta, date
import calendar

year = strftime("%Y",localtime())
mon  = strftime("%m",localtime())
day  = strftime("%d",localtime())
hour = strftime("%H",localtime())
min  = strftime("%M",localtime())
sec  = strftime("%S",localtime())

def today():
    '''''
    get today,date format="YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''''
    return date.today()

def todaystr():
    '''
    get date string, date format="YYYYMMDD"
    '''
    return year + mon + day

def datetime():
    '''''
    get datetime,format="YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS"
    '''
    return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", localtime())

def datetimestr():
    '''''
    get datetime string
    date format="YYYYMMDDHHMMSS"
    '''
    return year + mon + day + hour + min + sec

def get_day_of_day(n=0):
    '''''
    if n>=0,date is larger than today
    if n<0,date is less than today
    date format = "YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    if (n < 0):
        n = abs(n)
        return date.today() - timedelta(days=n)
    else:
        return date.today() + timedelta(days=n)

def get_days_of_month(year, mon):
    '''''
    get days of month
    '''
    return calendar.monthrange(year, mon)[1]

def get_firstday_of_month(year, mon):
    '''''
    get the first day of month
    date format = "YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    days = "01"
    if (int(mon) < 10):
        mon = "0" + str(int(mon))
    arr = (year, mon, days)
    return "-".join("%s" % i for i in arr)


def get_lastday_of_month(year, mon):
    '''''
    get the last day of month
    date format = "YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    days = calendar.monthrange(year, mon)[1]
    mon = addzero(mon)
    arr = (year, mon, days)
    return "-".join("%s" % i for i in arr)

def get_firstday_month(n=0):
    '''''
    get the first day of month from today
    n is how many months
    '''
    (y, m, d) = getyearandmonth(n)
    d = "01"
    arr = (y, m, d)
    return "-".join("%s" % i for i in arr)

def get_lastday_month(n=0):
    '''''
    get the last day of month from today
    n is how many months
    '''
    return "-".join("%s" % i for i in getyearandmonth(n))

def getyearandmonth(n=0):
    '''''
    get the year,month,days from today
    befor or after n months
    '''
    thisyear = int(year)
    thismon = int(mon)
    totalmon = thismon + n
    if (n >= 0):
        if (totalmon <= 12):
            days = str(get_days_of_month(thisyear, totalmon))
            totalmon = addzero(totalmon)
            return (year, totalmon, days)
        else:
            i = totalmon // 12
            j = totalmon % 12
            if (j == 0):
                i -= 1
                j = 12
            thisyear += i
            days = str(get_days_of_month(thisyear, j))
            j = addzero(j)
            return (str(thisyear), str(j), days)
    else:
        if ((totalmon > 0) and (totalmon < 12)):
            days = str(get_days_of_month(thisyear, totalmon))
            totalmon = addzero(totalmon)
            return (year, totalmon, days)
        else:
            i = totalmon // 12
            j = totalmon % 12
            if (j == 0):
                i -= 1
                j = 12
            thisyear += i
            days = str(get_days_of_month(thisyear, j))
            j = addzero(j)
            return (str(thisyear), str(j), days)

def addzero(n):
    '''''
    add 0 before 0-9
    return 01-09
    '''
    nabs = abs(int(n))
    if (nabs < 10):
        return "0" + str(nabs)
    else:
        return nabs

def get_today_month(n=0):
    '''''
    获取当前日期前后N月的日期
    if n>0, 获取当前日期前N月的日期
    if n<0, 获取当前日期后N月的日期
    date format = "YYYY-MM-DD"
    '''
    (y, m, d) = getyearandmonth(n)
    arr = (y, m, d)
    if (int(day) < int(d)):
        arr = (y, m, day)
    return "-".join("%s" % i for i in arr)

if __name__=="__main__":
    print today()  
    print todaystr()
    print datetime()
    print datetimestr()
    print get_day_of_day(20)
    print get_day_of_day(-3)
    print get_today_month(-3)
    print get_today_month(3)